Elemental Composition of Atmospheric Particles during Periods with and without Traffic Restriction in Beijing: The Effectiveness of Traffic Restriction Measure

Zhang, Renjian; Shen, Zhenxing; Zhang, Leiming; Zhang, Meigen; Wang, Xin; Zhang, Kun

doi:10.2151/sola.2011-016

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is worth to mention that the mixing ratios of all species at both sites were lower in August when the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games were held than those in the other 2 months during the observation period and did not exceed the values of the Grade-II standards of Chinese Ambient Air Quality. Much stricter emission reduction measures were implemented during the Olympic Games and the air quality was improved greatly, as reported in many studies (Witte et al, 2009;Huang et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2010a, Wang et al, 2010bYang et al, 2010;Yu et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2011). However, the level of O 3 at SDZ did not show month-to-month differences exceeding those found in the summer months of the normal years, for example, those reported by Lin et al (2008).…”

Section: Instruments and Datamentioning

confidence: 74%

Impact of the regional transport of urban Beijing pollutants on downwind areas in summer: ozone production efficiency analysis

Ge¹,

Lin

et al. 2012

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A B S T R A C T Ambient measurements of SO 2 , O 3 , NO x , NO y and CO were made at Shangdianzi (SDZ), a rural site in the northeast (NE) of Beijing, and urban Beijing (China Meteorological Administration) from 1 June 2008 to 31 August 2008. The pollutants at SDZ showed very different levels under different wind conditions, with the levels under the southwest (SW) wind being much higher than those under the NE wind. The SW wind facilitates the transport of urban plume to SDZ, whereas the NE wind provides a background condition. At SDZ, the Ozone (O 3 ) concentration in air masses from urban Beijing was found to be 33.4 9 0.4 ppbv higher than that from clean regions in summer. The ozone production efficiency (OPE x ) for the urban plume and background condition was 4.0 and 5.3, respectively. Based on these OPE x values and the NO z values for the respective conditions, the contribution of in-situ production in the urban plume to the level of O 3 at SDZ is estimated to be 8.6 ppbv, corresponding only to 25.7% of the total impact of urban plume transport. This suggests that direct transport of O 3 rather than in-situ photochemistry contributes mainly to the summer elevation of the level of O 3 at SDZ.

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Section: Instruments and Datamentioning

confidence: 74%

Impact of the regional transport of urban Beijing pollutants on downwind areas in summer: ozone production efficiency analysis

Ge¹,

Lin

et al. 2012

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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“…In PKU, the R / N ratios of EC, OC, WSOC, total diacids, total ketocarboxylic acids and total α-dicarbonyls are much lower than 1, suggesting that these pollutants or their precursors are closely related to the traffic emissions and that the traffic restriction measures can reduce primary pollutants (e.g., EC) and the precursors of secondary pollutants (e.g., diacids and α-dicarbonyls). A previous study (Zhang et al, 2011) also indicated the reduction of anthropogenic elements in Beijing during the traffic restriction period of August, 2007. The average OC / EC ratios observed during traffic restriction periods (PKU: 2.69) were slightly higher than that found at non-restriction periods (PKU: 2.52).…”

Section: Influence Of Local Traffic On Air Quality Between Restrictiomentioning

confidence: 78%

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Huang

Kawamura

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Thirty water-soluble organic species, including dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid were determined as well as organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in PM 2.5 samples collected during the Campaign of Air Quality Research in Beijing 2007 (CAREBeijing-2007 in the urban and suburban areas of Beijing. The objective of this study is to identify the influence of traffic emissions and regional transport to the atmosphere in Beijing during summer. PM 2.5 samples collected with or without traffic restriction in Beijing are selected to evaluate the effectiveness of local traffic restriction measures on air pollution reduction. The average concentrations of the total quantified bifunctional organic compounds (TQBOCs), total fatty acids and benzoic acid during the entire sampling period were 1184 ± 241, 597 ± 159 and 1496 ± 511 ng m −3 in Peking University (PKU), and 1050 ± 303, 475 ± 114 and 1278 ± 372 ng m −3 in Yufa, Beijing. Oxalic acid (C 2 ) was found as the most abundant dicarboxylic acid at PKU and Yufa followed by phthalic acid (Ph). A strong even carbon number predominance with the highest level at stearic acid (C 18:0 ), followed by palmitic acid (C 16:0 ) was found for fatty acids. According to the back trajectories modeling results, the air masses were found to originate mainly from the northeast, passing over the southeast or south of Beijing (heavily populated, urbanized and industrialized areas), during heavier pollution events, whereas they are mainly from the north or northwest sector (mountain areas without serious anthropogenic pollution sources) during less pollution events. The data with wind only from the same sector (minimizing the difference from regional contribution) but with and without traffic restriction in Beijing were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of local traffic restriction measures on the reduction of local air pollution in Beijing. The results suggested that the traffic restriction measures can reduce the air pollutants, but the decrease of pollutants is generally smaller in Yufa compared to that in PKU. Moreover, an enhancement of EC value indicates more elevated primary emissions in Yufa during restriction periods than in non-restriction periods. This study demonstrates that even when primary exPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. K. F. Ho et al.: Effect of traffic restriction on air qualityhaust was controlled by traffic restriction, the contribution of secondary organic species formed from photochemical processes was critical with long-range atmospheric transport of pollutants.

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“…The elemental composition of the samples was determined by particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analytical method in a 2 × 1.7 MV tandem electrostatic accelerator, which belonged to the College of Nuclear Science and technology of Beijing Normal University (Zhang et al, 2010(Zhang et al, , 2011. The PIXE analysis was carried out using 2.5 MeV proton bombardments with a beam of 1-20 nA.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in an Urban Environment in Beijing

Liu

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

Self Cite

356

194

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Daily 24-hour PM 2.5 samples were collected continuously from January 1 to December 31, 2010. Elemental concentrations from Al to Pb were obtained using particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method. This was the first full year continuous daily PM 2.5 elemental composition dataset in Beijing. Source apportionment analysis was conducted on this dataset using the positive matrix factorization method. Seven sources and their contributions to the total PM 2.5 mass were identified and quantified. These include secondary sulphur-13.8 μg/m 3 ) compared to those in the spring and summer (9.6 and 8.0 μg/m 3 , respectively). Secondary sulphur contributed the most in the summer while vehicle exhaust and metal processing sources did not show any clear seasonal pattern. The different seasonal highs and lows from different sources compensated each other. This explains the very small seasonal variations (< 20%) in the total PM 2.5 .

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Elemental Composition of Atmospheric Particles during Periods with and without Traffic Restriction in Beijing: The Effectiveness of Traffic Restriction Measure

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Impact of the regional transport of urban Beijing pollutants on downwind areas in summer: ozone production efficiency analysis

Impact of the regional transport of urban Beijing pollutants on downwind areas in summer: ozone production efficiency analysis

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Characterization and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in an Urban Environment in Beijing

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Elemental Composition of Atmospheric Particles during Periods with and without Traffic Restriction in Beijing: The Effectiveness of Traffic Restriction Measure

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Impact of the regional transport of urban Beijing pollutants on downwind areas in summer: ozone production efficiency analysis

Impact of the regional transport of urban Beijing pollutants on downwind areas in summer: ozone production efficiency analysis

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Characterization and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in an Urban Environment in Beijing

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Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality