Elemental Dynamics in Streams

Meyer, Judy L.; McDowell, William H.; Bott, Thomas L.; Elwood, Jerry W.; Ishizaki, Chanel; Mélack, John M.; Peckarsky, Barbara L.; Peterson, Bruce J.; Rublee, Parke A.

doi:10.2307/1467299

Cited by 176 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Seasonally variable nutrient concentrations and exports from headwater catchments have often been viewed as a diagnostic of the terrestrial landscape with attributes of vegetation such as forest age [Vitousek and Reiners, 1975] or forest composition [Lovett et al, 2004] exerting a dominant control on both the magnitude and the seasonality of stream nutrient export. N export may be enhanced by increased anthropogenic N deposition [Aber et al, 1989;Stoddard, 1994], or fertilization [Goodale and Aber, 2001] and may be reduced by physical or biological retention or denitrification in soils [Aber et al, 1998], riparian zones [Band et al, 2001;Burt and Pinay, 2005], or in the sediments of receiving streams [Meyer et al, 1988;Peterson et al, 2001;Bernhardt et al, 2005]. Sufficient understanding and accurate prediction of the magnitude and timing of N export require models that can successfully integrate N transformations and transport through terrestrial and aquatic flow path networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms driving the seasonality of catchment scale nitrate export: Evidence for riparian ecohydrologic controls

Duncan

Band

Groffman

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

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Considerable variability in the seasonal patterns of stream water nitrate (NO 2 3 ) has been observed in forested watersheds throughout the world. While many forested headwater catchments exhibit winter and early spring peaks in NO 2 3 concentrations, several watersheds have peak concentrations during the summer months. Pond Branch, a headwater catchment in Maryland monitored for over 10 years, exhibits recurrent and broad summer peaks in both NO export from June to September is particularly surprising, given that these summer months typically have the year's lowest discharge. A key challenge is identifying the source(s) of NO 2 3 and the mechanism(s) by which it is transported to the watershed outlet during the summer. In this study, we assessed multiple hypotheses (not mutually exclusive) that could account for the seasonal trend including proximal controls of groundwater-surface water interactions, instream processes, and riparian groundwater-N cycling interactions, as well as two distal controls: geochemical weathering and senescence of riparian vegetation. A combination of long-term weekly and limited duration high-frequency sensor data reveals the importance of riparian ecohydrologic processes during base flow. In this watershed, patterns of seasonal stream water NO 2 3 concentrations and fluxes depend fundamentally on interactions between groundwater dynamics and nitrogen (N) cycling in the riparian zone. Groundwater tables control nitrification-denitrification dynamics as well as hydrologic transport. Our results suggest that in many watersheds, a more sophisticated exploration of NO 2 3 production and NO 2 3 transport mechanisms is required to identify critical points in the landscape and over time that disproportionately drive patterns of watershed NO 2 3 export.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms driving the seasonality of catchment scale nitrate export: Evidence for riparian ecohydrologic controls

Duncan

Band

Groffman

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

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“…The water availability is greatly influenced by the local geology and climate (Zhu et al 2012a). Understanding of the source and recharge of natural waters is of great significance not only to the policy makers for regional planning but also to the scientists interested in hydrological cycles in arid environments over the world (Meyer et al 1988;George et al 1997;Arnell 1999;Kimbadi et al 1999;Cramer and Hobbs 2002;Hagg et al 2007;Jolly et al 2008;Zhu et al 2012b;Dragon and Gorski 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical study to identify the key factors governing ground water recharge in the watersheds of the arid Central Asia

Zhu

Wang

2015

Environ Monit Assess

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Understanding the source and recharge of ground waters is of great significance to our knowledge in hydrological cycles in arid environments over the world. Northern Xinjiang in northwestern China is a significant repository of information relating to the hydrological evolution and climatic changes in central Asia. In this study, two multivariate statistical techniques, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were used to assess the ground water recharge and its governing factors, with the principal idea of exploring the above techniques to utilize all available hydrogeochemical variables in the quality assessment, which are not considered in the conventional techniques like Stiff and Piper diagrams. Q-mode HCA and R-mode PCA were combined to partition the water samples into seven major water clusters (C1-C7) and three principal components (PC1-PC3, PC1 salinity, PC2 hydroclimate, PC3 contaminant). The water samples C1 + C4 were classified as recharge area waters (Ca-HCO 3 water), C2 + C3 as transitional zone waters (Ca-Mg-HCO 3 -SO 4 water), and C5 + C6 + C7 as discharge area waters (Na-SO 4 water). Based on the Q-mode PCA scores, three groups of geochemical processes influencing recharge regimes were identified: geogenic (i.e., caused by natural geochemical processes), geomorphoclimatic (caused by topography and climate), and anthropogenic (caused by ground water contamination). It is proposed that differences in recharge mechanism and ground water evolution, and possible bedrock composition difference, are responsible for the chemical genesis of these waters. These will continue to influence the geochemistry of the northern Xinjiang drainage system for a long time due to its steady tectonics and arid climate. This study proved that the chemistry differentiation of ground water can effectively support the identification of ground water recharge and evolution patterns.

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“…Thus, hydrogeomorphic variables establish the physical basis under which chemical and biological will operate (Tabacchi et. al., 1998), including catchment soil and geology, chemistry of atmospheric inputs, type and distribution of precipitation, surrounding vegetation, catchment hydrology and land use (Meyer et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spatial variation in abiotic factors in streams has been attributed to several influences such as the presence of tributaries, longitudinal changes in catchment land use and geology (Meyer et al, 1988). Since the creation of the River Continuum Concept (Vannote et al, 1980) and the Nutrient Spiraling Concept (Newbold et al, 1982), riparian areas have been considered as important compartments of stream ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic features of a river from the Upper Tietê River Basin (SP, Brazil) along an environmental gradient

2015

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Aim:This study aimed to assess the spatial and seasonal variation of the water quality and physical habitat characteristics along the upper-middle stretch of the Paraitinga River, a tributary of Tietê River, considering the potential influence of different riparian conditions along the stretch studied. Methods: Sixteen sites with different riparian vegetation, including native forest, secondary forest, pasture, and eucalyptus were sampled during the dry and rainy seasons of 2004/2005, before the damming of the Paraitinga Reservoir. Several physicochemical and habitat parameters were determined and data analyzed in relation to spatial distribution and potential influence of riparian conditions. Results: Water quality parameters were in general within the limits established by CONAMA for Class 2 waters, except for turbidity and total phosphorus. There were seasonal and spatial differences in the limnological parameters along the stretch studied and apparently they were related to point specific influences associated with land use and canopy cover. Habitat characteristics were markedly different between the upper and middle river stretches, especially in relation to depth, width, substrate and canopy cover. Conclusions: Although a direct influence on the observed variables could not be attributed solely to the riparian vegetation, vegetation cover seemed to affect particular stream characteristics. Open pasture and eucalyptus sites were subject to point specific effects that caused phosphorus inputs and higher turbidity and temperature, and showed different morphological features, suggesting that land use at the sub-watershed scale was an important factor affecting stream conditions. Keywords: Paraitinga River; riparian vegetation; longitudinal variation; limnology.Resumo: Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a variação espacial e temporal da qualidade da água e as características físicas dos habitats ao longo do trecho médio e alto do Rio Paraitinga, um tributário do Rio Tietê, considerando a possível influência de diferentes condições ripárias ao longo do trecho estudado. Métodos: Foram amostrados dezesseis locais sob diferentes condições ripárias, incluindo floresta nativa, floresta secundária, pasto e eucalipto, durante a estação seca e chuvosa de 2004/2005, previamente ao represamento do reservatório de Paraitinga. Vários parâmetros físicos e químicos da água e do habitat foram registrados e os dados analisados em relação à distribuição espacial e potencial influência das diferentes condições ripárias. Resultados: Os parâmetros de qualidade da água estiveram, em geral, dentro dos limites estabelecidos pelo CONAMA para águas de Classe 2, com exceção de turbidez e fósforo total. Diferenças sazonais e espaciais foram observadas nos parâmetros limnológicos ao longo do trecho estudado, que foram relacionadas à influências pontuais associadas ao uso do solo e à cobertura vegetal. Características do habitat diferiram entre os trechos médio e superior do rio, especialmente em relação à profundida...

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Elemental Dynamics in Streams

Cited by 176 publications

References 93 publications

Mechanisms driving the seasonality of catchment scale nitrate export: Evidence for riparian ecohydrologic controls

Mechanisms driving the seasonality of catchment scale nitrate export: Evidence for riparian ecohydrologic controls

Statistical study to identify the key factors governing ground water recharge in the watersheds of the arid Central Asia

Abiotic features of a river from the Upper Tietê River Basin (SP, Brazil) along an environmental gradient

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