Elemental stoichiometry of Fungi and Bacteria strains from grassland leaf litter

Mouginot, Céline; Kawamura, Rika; Matulich, Kristin L.; Berlemont, Renaud; Allison, Steven D.; Amend, Anthony S.; Martiny, Adam C.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.05.011

Cited by 167 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Griffiths et al (2012) and Chen et al (2014) showed that different P fertilization regimes did not modify the C : N : P ratio of soil microorganisms in the long term on a grazed pasture, while they strongly modified the microbial P and C concentrations and the soil microbial community composition. Finally, Mouginot et al (2014) showed that the N : P ratios of fungi and bacteria isolated from grassland leaf litter were similar, whereas the C : N and C : P ratios were higher in fungi than in bacteria, which is in line with observations of higher P concentrations in bacteria than in fungi made by Bünemann et al (2008aBünemann et al ( , 2011.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This suggests that only extreme treatments (no fertilization in the past 30 years in the DOK or massive fertilizer inputs in Saria) can significantly affect microbial nutrient ratios. The number of soils studied here is too limited for a full statistical assessment, but the soil properties that seem to control organic matter and P accumulation are the type and content of clay minerals and oxides, soil structural stability (Frossard et al, 2000;Six et al, 2006), and the soil microbial community (Mouginot et al, 2014).…”

Section: Importance Of Inputs Versus Soil Properties In Determining Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term

Frossard

Buchmann

Bünemann

et al. 2016

SOIL

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Abstract. Stoichiometric approaches have been applied to understand the relationship between soil organic matter dynamics and biological nutrient transformations. However, very few studies have explicitly considered the effects of agricultural management practices on the soil C : N : P ratio. The aim of this study was to assess how different input types and rates would affect the C : N : P molar ratios of bulk soil, organic matter and microbial biomass in cropped soils in the long term. Thus, we analysed the C, N, and P inputs and budgets as well as soil properties in three long-term experiments established on different soil types: the Saria soil fertility trial (Burkina Faso), the Wagga Wagga rotation/stubble management/soil preparation trial (Australia), and the DOK (bio-Dynamic, bio-Organic, and “Konventionell”) cropping system trial (Switzerland). In each of these trials, there was a large range of C, N, and P inputs which had a strong impact on element concentrations in soils. However, although C : N : P ratios of the inputs were highly variable, they had only weak effects on soil C : N : P ratios. At Saria, a positive correlation was found between the N : P ratio of inputs and microbial biomass, while no relation was observed between the nutrient ratios of inputs and soil organic matter. At Wagga Wagga, the C : P ratio of inputs was significantly correlated to total soil C : P, N : P, and C : N ratios, but had no impact on the elemental composition of microbial biomass. In the DOK trial, a positive correlation was found between the C budget and the C to organic P ratio in soils, while the nutrient ratios of inputs were not related to those in the microbial biomass. We argue that these responses are due to differences in soil properties among sites. At Saria, the soil is dominated by quartz and some kaolinite, has a coarse texture, a fragile structure, and a low nutrient content. Thus, microorganisms feed on inputs (plant residues, manure). In contrast, the soil at Wagga Wagga contains illite and haematite, is richer in clay and nutrients, and has a stable structure. Thus, organic matter is protected from mineralization and can therefore accumulate, allowing microorganisms to feed on soil nutrients and to keep a constant C : N : P ratio. The DOK soil represents an intermediate situation, with high nutrient concentrations, but a rather fragile soil structure, where organic matter does not accumulate. We conclude that the study of C, N, and P ratios is important to understand the functioning of cropped soils in the long term, but that it must be coupled with a precise assessment of element inputs and budgets in the system and a good understanding of the ability of soils to stabilize C, N, and P compounds.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Importance Of Inputs Versus Soil Properties In Determining Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term

Frossard

Buchmann

Bünemann

et al. 2016

SOIL

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“…One source is organic N bound in plant tissues and microorganisms. Because the average C/N ratio is much higher in plant litter than in microbial decomposers, N availability is thought to limit litter decomposition (4)(5)(6). Fungal hyphae can further translocate N from the soil into plant litter (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Cycling Potential of a Grassland Litter Microbial Community

Nelson

Berlemont

Martiny

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bBecause microorganisms have different abilities to utilize nitrogen (N) through various assimilatory and dissimilatory pathways, microbial composition and diversity likely influence N cycling in an ecosystem. Terrestrial plant litter decomposition is often limited by N availability; however, little is known about the microorganisms involved in litter N cycling. In this study, we used metagenomics to characterize the potential N utilization of microbial communities in grassland plant litter. The frequencies of sequences associated with eight N cycling pathways differed by several orders of magnitude. Within a pathway, the distributions of these sequences among bacterial orders differed greatly. Many orders within the Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria appeared to be N cycling generalists, carrying genes from most (five or six) of the pathways. In contrast, orders from the Bacteroidetes were more specialized and carried genes for fewer (two or three) pathways. We also investigated how the abundance and composition of microbial N cycling genes differed over time and in response to two global change manipulations (drought and N addition). For many pathways, the abundance and composition of N cycling taxa differed over time, apparently reflecting precipitation patterns. In contrast to temporal variability, simulated global change had minor effects on N cycling potential. Overall, this study provides a blueprint for the genetic potential of N cycle processes in plant litter and a baseline for comparisons to other ecosystems. Microorganisms play a key role in the decomposition of terrestrial plant litter (1-3), a process that controls the balance of plant carbon (C) released into the atmosphere as CO 2 with that stored in the soil. Less often considered is the role that litter microorganisms play in nitrogen (N) cycling. The N available to microorganisms degrading plant litter comes from several sources. One source is organic N bound in plant tissues and microorganisms. Because the average C/N ratio is much higher in plant litter than in microbial decomposers, N availability is thought to limit litter decomposition (4-6). Fungal hyphae can further translocate N from the soil into plant litter (7). And in some ecosystems, atmospheric deposition of inorganic N from human-driven nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions can also be an important source (8-11).Microbes can rapidly alter the forms of N in plant litter through a variety of different N cycle pathways, and these changes in N availability can feed back to influence overall ecosystem functioning (12, 13). During decomposition, bacteria utilize N in both assimilatory and dissimilatory pathways. Assimilatory pathways require energy and lead to the conversion of inorganic N to organic N in microbes (e.g., utilizing N for protein, nucleic acid, and cellular component assembly). Dissimilatory pathways use N compounds to provide energy to microbes. Thus, the pathways by which microbes use N affect the fate of N in the ecosystem, specifically whether it is converted into microbi...

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“…The C/N ratios BCN i are set to 4.59 and 8.30 for SOM and FOM specialists, respectively (Mouginot et al, 2014), based on the assumption that SOM decomposers are mainly bacteria and FOM decomposers are mainly fungi (Kaiser et al, 2014). …”

Section: Microbial Functional Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

ORCHIMIC (v1.0), a microbe-driven model for soil organic matter decomposition designed for large-scale applications

Huang

Guenet

Ciais

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. The role of soil microorganisms in regulating soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is of primary importance in the carbon cycle, and in particular in the context of global change. Modelling soil microbial community dynamics to simulate its impact on soil gaseous carbon (C) emissions and nitrogen (N) mineralization at large spatial scales is a recent research field with the potential to improve predictions of SOM responses to global climate change. We here present a SOM 15 model called ORCHIMIC whose input data that are consistent with those of global vegetation models. The model simulates decomposition of SOM by explicitly accounting for enzyme production and distinguishing three different microbial functional groups: fresh organic matter (FOM) specialists, SOM specialists, and generalists, while implicitly also accounting for microbes that do not produce extracellular enzymes, i.e. cheaters. This ORCHIMIC model and two other organic matter decomposition models, CENTURY (based on first order kinetics and representative for the structure of most current global 20 soil carbon models) and PRIM (with FOM accelerating the decomposition rate of SOM) were calibrated to reproduce the observed respiration fluxes from FOM and SOM and their possible interactions from incubation experiments of Blagodatskaya et al. (2014). Among the three models, ORCHIMIC was the only one that captured well both the temporal dynamics of the respiratory fluxes and the magnitude of the priming effect observed during the incubation experiment.ORCHIMIC also reproduced well the temporal dynamics of microbial biomass. We then applied different idealized changes 25 to the model input data, i.e. a 5 K stepwise increase of temperature and/or a doubling of plant litter inputs. Under 5 K warming, ORCHIMIC predicted a 0.002 K -1 decrease in the C use efficiency (defined as the ratio of C allocated to microbial growth to the sum of C allocated to growth and respiration) and a 3 % loss of SOC. Under the double litter input scenario, ORCHIMIC predicted a doubling of microbial biomass, while SOC stock increased by less than 1 % due to the priming effect. This limited increase in SOC stock contrasted with the proportional increase in SOC stock as modelled by the 30 conventional SOC decomposition model (CENTURY), which cannot reproduce the priming effect. If temperature increased by 5 K and litter input is doubled, the model predicted almost the same loss of SOC as when only temperature was increased.These tests suggest that the responses of SOC stock to warming and increasing input may differ a lot from those simulated

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Elemental stoichiometry of Fungi and Bacteria strains from grassland leaf litter

Cited by 167 publications

References 42 publications

Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term

Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term

Nitrogen Cycling Potential of a Grassland Litter Microbial Community

ORCHIMIC (v1.0), a microbe-driven model for soil organic matter decomposition designed for large-scale applications

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Elemental stoichiometry of Fungi and Bacteria strains from grassland leaf litter

Cited by 167 publications

References 42 publications

Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term

Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term

Nitrogen Cycling Potential of a Grassland Litter Microbial Community

ORCHIMIC (v1.0), a microbe-driven model for soil organic matter decomposition designed for large-scale applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term

Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term