Elementary steps of electrochemical oxidation of single-crystal planes of Au—I. Chemical basis of processes involving geometry of anions and the electrode surfaces

Angerstein‐Kozlowska, H.; Conway, B. E.; Hamelin, A.; Stoicoviciu, L.

doi:10.1016/0013-4686(86)80020-2

Cited by 438 publications

(363 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similar measurements on replicate devices and for electrodes of different length (not shown) confirm that these responses are reproducible from one device to another. 35 The electrochemistry of single crystal and polycrystalline gold electrodes in acid solution has been extensively studied in the literature using cyclic voltammetry alone [36][37][38] or in combination with other techniques such as the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. 9,39,40 The optical responses measured for our waveguide structure have a similar potential dependence to the changes in electroreflectance 40,41 or ellipsometric parameters 7,42,43 reported in the literature for gold electrodes in acid solution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 This is followed, at more negative potentials, by a replacement turnover or place-exchange process, driven by repulsion between adjacent Au-O dipoles, leading to the formation of a two-atom thick surface oxide layer. There has been some discussion in the literature as to whether this place-exchange occurs on transfer of the first electron to form AuOH 36,37 or only with the transfer of the second electron. Based on electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance studies, Bruckenstein and Shay 39 have proposed the following mechanism Au-ðH 2 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waveguide surface plasmon resonance studies of surface reactions on gold electrodes

et al. 2002

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We describe the fabrication and characterisation of gold-coated graded index channel waveguide sensors designed for simultaneous electrochemical and surface plasmon resonance studies. The active sensing electrode area is a thin gold film between 0.5 and 5 mm in length and 200 mm wide deposited on top of a 3 mm wide waveguide which forms one arm of a Y-junction while the other arm of the Y-junction serves as a reference. Using these devices we have measured simultaneously the changes in transmittance through the device whilst carrying out cyclic voltammetry in either sulfuric or perchloric acid solution or during the deposition of an UPD layer of copper at the gold surface. In all cases we obtain stable and reproducible results which demonstrate the very high sensitivity of the devices to sub-monolayer changes occurring at the gold electrode surface. The response of these integrated optoelectrochemical devices is discussed in terms of a numerical model for the propagation of light within the waveguide structure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveguide surface plasmon resonance studies of surface reactions on gold electrodes

et al. 2002

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“…The real surface area of the gold electrode, A 0 Au , is easily determined by measuring the charge of the gold oxide reduction peak in a BCV recorded from 0.05 to 1.7 V vs RHE at a scan rate of 20 mV·s −1 , which forms a gold oxide layer that should have a charge of ca. 380 μC·cm −2 [24,25]. The determination of the Pt nanoparticle area is less straightforward, as the geometrical structure and the size dispersion of the particles are unknown.…”

Section: Platinum Deposition and Afm Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electrooxidation of small organic molecules on platinum nanoparticles supported on gold: influence of platinum deposition procedure

Scheijen

Beltramo

Hoeppener

et al. 2007

J Solid State Electrochem

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The electrocatalytic properties of small platinum nanoparticles were investigated for the oxidation of CO, methanol, and formic acid using voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The particles were generated by galvanostatic deposition of platinum on a polished gold surface from an H 2 PtCl 6 containing electrolyte and ranged between 10 and 20 nm in diameter for low platinum surface concentrations, 10 and 120 nm for medium concentrations, and full Pt monolayers for high concentrations. CO stripping and bulk CO oxidation experiments on the particles up to 120 nm in diameter displayed pronounced structural effects. The CO oxidation current-time transients show a current decay for low platinum coverages and a current maximum for medium and high coverages. These results were also observed in the literature for particles of 2-to 5-nm size and agglomerates of these particles. The similarities between the literature and our results, despite large differences in particle size and morphology, suggest that particle structure and morphology are also very important catalytic parameters. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy data obtained for the oxidation of CO on the Pt-modified Au electrodes corroborate this conclusion. A difference in the ratio between CO adsorbed in linear-and bridge-bonded positions on the Pt nanoparticles of different sizes demonstrates the influence of the surface morphology. The oxidation activity of methanol was found to decrease with the particle size, while the formic acid oxidation rate increases. Again, a structural effect is observed for particles of up to ca. 120 nm in diameter, which is much larger than the particles for which a particle size effect was reported in the literature. The particle shape effect for the methanol oxidation reaction can be explained by a reduction in available "ensemble sites" and a reduction in the mobility of CO formed by decomposition of methanol. As formic acid does not require Pt ensemble sites, decreasing the particle size, and thus, the relative number of defects, increases the reaction rate.

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“…The sulfur atom in this reaction changes valence from (2-) to ( An interesting finding appears when the prewaves for RSH ( Since most of the electrocatalytic anodic reactions involving oxygen transfer have been studied in alkaline media we would like to stress that the extent of gold hydroxide formation on low-index gold single crystal electrodes such as Au(1ll), Au(0O) and Au(1l0) [15,22,23] differs significantly from that on polycrystalline gold, and…”

Section: Mechanism Of Rsh R80 2 H and Rso 3 H Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of cysteine, cysteinesulfinic acid and cysteic acid on a polycrystalline gold electrode

Fawcett

Fedurco

Kováčová

et al. 1994

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Elementary steps of electrochemical oxidation of single-crystal planes of Au—I. Chemical basis of processes involving geometry of anions and the electrode surfaces

Cited by 438 publications

References 19 publications

Waveguide surface plasmon resonance studies of surface reactions on gold electrodes

Waveguide surface plasmon resonance studies of surface reactions on gold electrodes

The electrooxidation of small organic molecules on platinum nanoparticles supported on gold: influence of platinum deposition procedure

Oxidation of cysteine, cysteinesulfinic acid and cysteic acid on a polycrystalline gold electrode

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