“…However, for greater diversity, the heterocyclic ring needs to be constructed on variously substituted benzene rings. The heterocyclic ring is generally prepared by cyclocarbonylation of o -aminophenols with phosgene , or other carbonyl group donors, such as molten urea, ,,,, triphosgene, ,,,, aryl chloroformates, , carbonyl diimidazole, ,,,, etc. − Carbon monoxide has also been used for oxidative and reductive cyclocarbonylations of o -aminophenols and o -nitrophenols, respectively. Some examples of cyclization of o -hydroxyaryl isocyanates, generated in situ by Curtius, Schimdt, Hoffmann, , and Lossen , rearrangements of suitable salicylic acid derivatives, are also known.…”