Elements of Quantum Computation and Quantum Communication

Pathak, Anirban

doi:10.1201/b15007

Cited by 167 publications

(154 citation statements)

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“…With the advent of quantum state engineering [1][2][3][4] and quantum computation [5,6], much attention has been given to the nonclassical properties of quantum states [7][8][9][10][11][12]. The reason behind this intense attention is obvious as the nonclassical states being the states having no classical analogue must be essential for performing tasks that are impossible in the classical world (e.g., teleportation, densecoding, unconditionally secure quantum key distribution).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized binomial state: Nonclassical features observed through various witnesses and a quantifier of nonclassicality

Mandal

Alam

Verma

et al. 2019

Optics Communications

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Experimental realization of various quantum states of interest has become possible in the recent past due to the rapid developments in the field of quantum state engineering. Nonclassical properties of such states have led to various exciting applications, specifically in the area of quantum information processing. The present article aims to study lower-and higher-order nonclassical features of such an engineered quantum state (a generalized binomial state based on Abel's formula). Present study has revealed that the state studied here is highly nonclassical. Specifically, higher-order nonclassical properties of this state are reported using a set of witnesses, like higher-order antibunching, higher-order sub-Poissonian photon statistics, higher-order squeezing (both Hong Mandel type and Hillery type). A set of other witnesses for lower-and higher-order nonclassicality (e.g., Vogel's criterion and Agarwal's A parameter) have also been explored. Further, an analytic expression for the Wigner function of the generalized binomial state is reported and the same is used to witness nonclassicality and to quantify the amount of nonclassicality present in the system by computing the nonclassical volume (volume of the negative part of the Wigner function). Optical tomogram of the generalized binomial state is also computed for various conditions as Wigner function cannot be measured directly in an experiment in general, but the same can be obtained from the optical tomogram with the help of Radon transform. arXiv:1811.10557v1 [quant-ph] 26 Nov 2018 state (BS) [36] and can be defined aswhere B M n (p) is the probability amplitude of the binomial state which corresponds to the occurrence of n photons with equal probability p obtained in M independent ways [36]. Mathematically, the binomial state is equivalent to a molecular system having same photon emitting probability p from the different energy levels of the excited states of the molecule which undergoes the M level vibrational relaxation [37]. Binomial state being an intermediate state, reduces to various existing states at different limits. For example, it reduces to a (a) vacuum state |0 (if p→0,It is interesting to note that coherent states are closest to classical states and the number states are the most nonclassical states. Thus, fundamentally different states of electromagnetic field can be obtained as limiting cases of BS. Naturally, properties of BS has been studied since long [38].The interest on the BS is not restricted to the state of the form Eq.(1), it has been extended to various variants of BS, too. Specifically, in Refs. [39,40] negative binomial state was proposed, and subsequently its properties were studied in Refs. [10]. Similarly, reciprocal binomial state was introduced in Ref. [12] and studied in [9,10]. Further, a couple of generalized binomial states (GBS) 1 have been proposed [37] and their nonclassical properties have also been investigated [9,10]. More interestingly, possible applications of GBS have been explored in the field of quantum co...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized binomial state: Nonclassical features observed through various witnesses and a quantifier of nonclassicality

Mandal

Alam

Verma

et al. 2019

Optics Communications

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“…This implementation, like the previous ones, demonstrates the effectiveness and ductility of the Cl2Qu and Qu2Cl interfaces, which can be successfully reused in other areas of QIP [30], such as QComp [45], QComm [26][27][28][29], and Quantum Internet [46][47][48][49], including undoubtedly, Quantum Cryptography [50], in general, and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) [51][52][53][54], in particular.…”

Section: Simplified Qtele Of a Digital Imagementioning

confidence: 81%

“…Thirteen years later, Prof. Hotta [23] demonstrated how energy could be teleported, triggering all kinds of speculations about the possible teleportation of matter, by virtue of the close link between matter and energy starting from the famous Einstein equation, E = m c 2 , for a particle at rest. Currently, a simplified version of the original QTele protocol [24,25] opens up a whole new range of possibilities in Quantum Communications (QComm) [26][27][28][29] thus completing the arsenal of essential tools for Quantum Technology to be used in the future.…”

Section: Quantum Teleportationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teleporting Digital Images

Mastriani¹

2019

Preprint

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During the last 25 years the scientific community has coexisted with the most fascinating protocol due to Quantum Physics: quantum teleportation (QTele), which would have been impossible if quantum entanglement, so questioned by Einstein, did not exist. In this work, a complete architecture for the teleportation of Computational Basis States (CBS) is presented. Such CBS will represent each of the possible 24 classical bits commonly used to encode every pixel of a 3-color-channel-image (red-green-blue, or cyan-yellow-magenta). For this purpose, a couple of interfaces: classical-to-quantum (Cl2Qu) and quantum-to-classical (Qu2Cl) are presented with two versions of the teleportation protocol: standard and simplified.

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“…In quantum information theory, the unobservability of an unknown quantum state (i.e. state that is not prepared by us) could be proven rigorously as a theorem [53], and it could be further shown that unknown quantum states cannot be cloned [54], cannot be converted into classical information [55], cannot be broadcast [56], and cannot be deleted [57].…”

Section: States and Observables In Quantum Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inner privacy of conscious experiences and quantum information

Georgiev¹

2020

Biosystems

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The human mind is constituted by inner, subjective, private, first-person conscious experiences that cannot be measured with physical devices or observed from an external, objective, public, third-person perspective. The qualitative, phenomenal nature of conscious experiences also cannot be communicated to others in the form of a message composed of classical bits of information. Because in a classical world everything physical is observable and communicable, it is a daunting task to explain how an empirically unobservable, incommunicable consciousness could have any physical substrates such as neurons composed of biochemical molecules, water, and electrolytes. The challenges encountered by classical physics are exemplified by a number of thought experiments including the inverted qualia argument, the private language argument, the beetle in the box argument and the knowledge argument. These thought experiments, however, do not imply that our consciousness is nonphysical and our introspective conscious testimonies are untrustworthy. The principles of classical physics have been superseded by modern quantum physics, which contains two fundamentally different kinds of physical objects: unobservable quantum state vectors, which define what physically exists, and quantum operators (observables), which define what can physically be observed. Identifying consciousness with the unobservable quantum information contained by quantum physical brain states allows for application of quantum information theorems to resolve possible paradoxes created by the inner privacy of conscious experiences, and explains how the observable brain is constructed by accessible bits of classical information that are bound by Holevo's theorem and extracted from the physically existing quantum brain upon measurement with physical devices.

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Elements of Quantum Computation and Quantum Communication

Cited by 167 publications

References 0 publications

Generalized binomial state: Nonclassical features observed through various witnesses and a quantifier of nonclassicality

Generalized binomial state: Nonclassical features observed through various witnesses and a quantifier of nonclassicality

Teleporting Digital Images

Inner privacy of conscious experiences and quantum information

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