Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) pretreated via steam explosion as a carbon source for cellulases and xylanases in submerged cultivation

Scholl, A.; Menegol, Daiane; Pitarelo, Ana Paula; Fontana, Roselei Claudete; Filho, Arion Zandoná; Ramos, Luiz Pereira; Dillon, Aldo José Pinheiro; Camassola, Marli

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.056

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The chemical composition of elephant grass before and after pretreatment has been already reported elsewhere (Scholl et al, 2015). In general, steam explosion modified the chemical composition of elephant grass primarily by decreasing its hemicellulose content as previously observed for other lignocellulosic materials such as cane bagasse (Pitarelo et al, 2012) and Eucalyptus grandis (Emmel et al, 2003).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Elephant Grass Before and After Pretsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The FPA units were defined as the amount of enzyme capable of releasing 1 lmol/mL of total reducing sugars per minute. The best substrate for enzyme production was identified as the one that produced the highest total FPA values at the end of fermentation since this activity represents the set of enzymes that is directly involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose (Scholl et al, 2015).…”

Section: Biomass Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethanol production from sugars obtained during enzymatic hydrolysis of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) pretreated by steam explosion

Scholl

Menegol

Pitarelo

et al. 2015

Bioresource Technology

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In this work, steam explosion was used a pretreatment method to improve the conversion of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) to cellulosic ethanol. This way, enzymatic hydrolysis of vaccum-drained and water-washed steam-treated substrates was carried out with Penicillium echinulatum enzymes while Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT-1 was used for fermentation. After 48 h of hydrolysis, the highest yield of reducing sugars was obtained from vaccum-drained steam-treated substrates that were produced after 10 min at 200 °C (863.42 ± 62.52 mg/g). However, the highest glucose yield was derived from water-washed steam-treated substrates that were produced after 10 min at 190 °C (248.34 ± 6.27 mg/g) and 200 °C (246.00 ± 9.60 mg/g). Nevertheless, the highest ethanol production was obtained from water-washed steam-treated substrates that were produced after 6 min at 200 °C. These data revealed that water washing is a critical step for ethanol production from steam-treated elephant grass and that pretreatment generates a great deal of water soluble inhibitory compounds for hydrolysis and fermentation, which were partly characterized as part of this study.

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Section: Chemical Composition Of Elephant Grass Before and After Pretsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Biomass Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol production from sugars obtained during enzymatic hydrolysis of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) pretreated by steam explosion

Scholl

Menegol

Pitarelo

et al. 2015

Bioresource Technology

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“…These modifications also contribute to the development of microorganisms favoring the production of enzymes (Scholl et al, 2015b). Pretreatments with acids, such as sulfuric, nitric or hydrochloric can solubilize hemicelluloses, exposing the cellulose to enzymatic attack, while alkaline pretreatments remove lignin and reduce the degree of cellulose crystallinity (Guilherme et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) as substrate for cellulase and xylanase production in solid-state cultivation by Penicillium echinulatum

Menegol

Scholl

Dillon

et al. 2017

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-The high cost of the enzymes used for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is one of the bottlenecks in the production of second-generation ethanol and the use of local biomass, such elephant grass, can help to reduce this cost. In this investigation elephant grass biomass was evaluated as a carbon and inducer source of production of cellulases and xylanases by the fungus Penicillium echinulatum strain 9A02S1 in solid-state cultivation. The highest filter paper activity (13.26 U.g -1 dry matter) and β-glucosidase activity (138.34 U.g -1 dry matter) were obtained on the fifth day of cultivation, in medium containing biomass pre-treated with sulfuric acid and untreated, respectively. The highest endoglucanase activity was 158.44 U.g -1 dry matter in the presence of elephant grass pre-treated with sulfuric acid. The xylanase activity was highest with medium that was formulated with 75% untreated elephant grass and 25% wheat bran (372.62 U.g -1 dry matter). In conclusion, the results showed that it is possible to obtain large amounts of cellulases and xylanases using a cosmopolitan and very low cost substrate such as elephant grass.

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“…Entretanto, aspectos operacionais relacionados ao elevado tempo de processo, (48 a 72 h), desativação catalítica por inibição da atividade enzimática, bem como, o elevado custo das enzimas, têm acarretado incertezas quanto às viabilidades técnica e econômica do processo. 25 34 Normalmente, os processos de hidrólise enzimática apresentam a vantagem no rendimento em relação à hidrólise ácida, mas os problemas aqui são, o elevado tempo de processo (48 a 72 h), desativação catalítica por inibição da atividade enzimática, além do elevado custo das enzimas. 1 Já os processos que utilizam a hidrólise ácida possuem menores custos, tanto em reagentes, como em obras de engenharia.…”

Section: Hidrólise Enzimática Vs Hidrólise áCidaunclassified

“…A determinação dos açúcares redutores foi realizada pela metodologia de Müller, que consiste na oxidação dos açúcares redutores por ácido 3,5-dinitrossalicílico (ADNS) em meio alcalino. 25,40 Para isto foi preparada uma curva com 5 pontos em espectrofotômetro (Merck, Pharo 100) com padrões de glicose de 0 a 6 g.L -1 , sendo realizada a leitura em 540 nm.…”

Section: Hidrólise áCida Da Celuloseunclassified

Innovation in Biorefineries I. Production of Second Generation Ethanol from Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and Sugarcane Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum)

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this first part of our work about innovation in biorefineries, the biomass is previously treated to separate cellulose from other components of the vegetal biomass, followed by acid hydrolysis to produce glucose, which is then fermented to produce second generation (2G) ethanol. The unwanted biomass generated in this first stage will be submitted to pyrolysis to produce biochar, bio-oil, and biogas in a subsequent bio-refinery procedure. In this work, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum) were subjected to acid hydrolysis, under atmospheric pressure, as an example of the initial part of the process. Higher cellulose yield was obtained for sugarcane bagasse than for elephant grass, with values of 45 % and 32 %, respectively. In evaluation of the sugar produced, the two grasses showed values of approximately 13 g/100 g of dry biomass. In terms of the 2G ethanol obtained, sugarcane bagasse presented a yield of 96 L.t -1 of dry biomass, while the elephant grass yielded 79 L.t -1. Despite the fact that sugarcane bagasse showed a higher 2G ethanol production potential, elephant grass is a good alternative, due to its adaptability and capacity to grow in various climates and under adverse soil conditions. Keywords: Biorefineries; elephant grass; sugarcane bagasse; 2G ethanol; acid hydrolysis. ResumoNesta primeira parte do nosso trabalho sobre inovação em biorrefinarias, a biomassa é previamente tratada para separar a celulose de outros componentes da biomassa vegetal, seguida de hidrólise ácida para produzir glicose, a qual é fermentada para produzir etanol de segunda geração (2G). A biomassa residual gerada nesta primeira será submetida à pirólise para produzir biochar, bio-óleo, e biogás em um procedimento subsequente de biorrefinaria. Neste trabalho, capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) e bagaço de cana (Saccharum officinarum) foram submetidos à hidrólise ácida, sob pressão atmosférica, como um exemplo da parte inicial do processo. O maior rendimento de celulose foi obtido para o bagaço de cana do que para o capim-elefante, com valores de 45 % e 32 %, respectivamente. Na avaliação do açúcar produzido, as duas gramíneas mostraram valores de cerca 13 g/100 g de biomassa seca. Em termos do etanol 2G obtido, o bagaço de cana apresentou um rendimento de 96 L.t -1 de biomassa seca, enquanto o capim-elefante rendeu 79 L.t -1. Apesar do fato de que o bagaço de cana apresentar maior potencial de produção 2G etanol, o capim-elefante não deixa de ser uma boa alternativa, devido à sua adaptabilidade e capacidade de crescer em vários climas e sob condições adversas de solo.Palavras-chave: Biorrefinarias; capim elefante; bagaço de cana; etanol 2G; hidrólise ácida.

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Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) pretreated via steam explosion as a carbon source for cellulases and xylanases in submerged cultivation

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

Ethanol production from sugars obtained during enzymatic hydrolysis of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) pretreated by steam explosion

Ethanol production from sugars obtained during enzymatic hydrolysis of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) pretreated by steam explosion

Use of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) as substrate for cellulase and xylanase production in solid-state cultivation by Penicillium echinulatum

Innovation in Biorefineries I. Production of Second Generation Ethanol from Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and Sugarcane Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum)

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