Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa: An institutional analysis of 21 cases

Dean, Steven M.; Zirwas, Matthew J.; Horst, Anthony Vander

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.04.047

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Obesity and TIIDM are both associated with microvascular dysfunction . However, much of the focus on the peripheral edema associated with obesity has been decidedly on venous insufficiency with little regard to lymphatic function and its role in fluid homeostasis . It is likely that there is an unrecognized role for lymphatic deficiency in these conditions as venous reabsorption is overstated .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage alterations within the mesenteric lymphatic tissue are associated with impairment of lymphatic pump in metabolic syndrome

et al. 2016

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The intrinsic lymphatic pump is critical to proper lymph transport and is impaired in models of the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). Lymphatic contractile inhibition under inflammatory conditions has been linked with elevated nitric oxide (NO) production by activated myeloid–derived cells. We utilized a high fructose-fed rat model of MetSyn to test our hypothesis that inhibition of the MLV pump function in MetSyn animals was dependent on NO and was associated with altered macrophage recruitment and polarization within the mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLV). MetSyn resulted in a greater accumulation of M1-skewed (CD163+MHCII+) macrophages that were observed both within the perivascular adipose tissue and invested along the lymphatic vessels in MetSyn rats when compared to control rats. LECs and LMCs basally express the macrophage maturation polarization cytokines monocyte colony-stimulating factor and dramatically up regulate the M1 promoting cytokine granulocyte/monocyte colony-stimulating factor in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. MetSyn MLVs exhibited altered phasic contraction frequency. Incubation of MetSyn MLVs with LNAME or glibenclamide had a partial restoration of lymphatic contraction frequency. The data presented here provide the first evidence for a correlation between alterations in macrophage status and lymphatic dysfunction that is partially mediated by NO and KATP channel in MetSyn rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage alterations within the mesenteric lymphatic tissue are associated with impairment of lymphatic pump in metabolic syndrome

et al. 2016

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“…Although the risk factors remain incompletely elucidated, morbid obesity with superimposed venous insufficiency is present in most patients. The calves are the most frequently affected; however, involvement of the feet, thighs, and pannus has also been documented (23,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excision of Elephantiasis Nostras Verrucosa Lesions in a Patient With Hereditary Lymphedema: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Pitcher

Pagan

Small

et al. 2015

The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery

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“…Elephantiasis nostra verrucosa (ENV) is a rare set of cutaneous manifestations associated with chronic lymphoedema 1. Multiple factors contribute to its origin, but its exact pathogenesis is unknown.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%