Pregnancy complications affect millions of women each year. Some
of these diseases have high morbidity and mortality such as preeclampsia.
At present, there is no safe and effective treatment for pregnancy
complications, so it is still a difficult clinical problem. As many
pregnancy complications are closely related to placental dysplasia,
placenta-specific therapy, as an important method, is expected to
be a safe, effective, and specific therapeutic strategy. This review
explains in detail the placenta physiological structure, characteristics,
and action mechanism of some biomolecules and signaling pathways that
play roles in normal development and disorders of the development
of the placenta, and how to use these biomolecules as therapeutic
targets when the placenta disorder causes disease, combining the latest
progress in the field of nanodelivery systems, so as to lay a foundation
for the development of placenta-specific therapy of pregnancy complications.