Elevated level of renal xanthine oxidase mRNA transcription after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection in growing layers

Abstract

To assess relationships between xanthine oxidase (XOD) and nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) infection, 240 growing layers (35 days old) were randomly divided into two groups (infected and control) of 120 chickens each. Each chicken in the control and infected group was intranasally inoculated with 0.2 mL sterile physiological saline and virus, respectively, after which serum antioxidant parameters and renal XOD mRNA expression in growing layers were evaluated at 8, 15 and 22 days post-inoculation (dpi). The results showed that serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in the infected group were significantly lower than in the control group at 8 and 15 dpi (p < 0.01), while serum malondialdehyde concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.01). The serum uric acid was significantly higher than that of the control group at 15 dpi (p < 0.01). In addition, the kidney mRNA transcript level and serum activity of XOD in the infected group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 8, 15 and 22 dpi (p < 0.05). The results indicated that NIBV infection could cause the increases of renal XOD gene transcription and serum XOD activity, leading to hyperuricemia and reduction of antioxidants in the body.

The effect of supplementation of multistrain probiotic preparation in combination with vitamins and minerals to the basal diet on the growth performance, carcass traits, and physiological response of broilers

“…Lin et al . [ 40 ] reported that serum uric acid concentration was found higher in infected (with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus) growing layers as compared to non-infected ones. Concomitant with this, serum concentration of uric acid was higher in broiler chickens fed mycotoxins [ 41 ].…”

Changes of Antioxidant Function and the mRNA Expression Levels of Xanthine Oxidase in Primary Chick Kidney Cell Culture Caused by Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection

“…The study (Hiromi et al, 2014) shown that the highest relative expression of cytokines correlated with the infection degree of IBV and IBV infection could provoke renal inflammatory responses (Okino et al, 2014). Our previous study found that NIBV infection induced both renal XOD transcription and its serum activity increase in growing layers, the serum concentration of UA was statistically increased (Lin et al, 2015). Earlier study showed that NIBV triggers UA salt precipitation by invading the tubule cell to initiate kidney tissue damage (Kim et al, 2006;Okino et al, 2014).…”

“…Therefore, determination of MDA and SOD can reflect the capability of elimination of free radicals in the body and the extent of CK cells injury during IBV infection (Zhou et al, 2006). Earlier vivo studies has proved that the kidney was vulnerable attacked by ROS (Hiromi et al, 2014) and NIBV infection could cause serum SOD activity of growing layers increased (Lin et al, 2015). The results indicated that abnormal generation of ROS might be a pathogenesis of damages in NIBV injury of CK cells, but the detailed pathogenic mechanism need to have further studies and discussions.…”

“…The RNA was diluted in nuclease-free water, and quantitated by UV spectrophotometry at 280nm 260nm. The integrity of isolating total RNA was confirmed by 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis, and cDNA synthesis (PrimeScript™ II 1st Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit, 6210A, Takara, Japan) was prepared as Lin's described (Lin et al, 2015).…”

“…Earlier study proved that XOD play important role in urate homeostasis and become a therapy target of drugs in gout or hyperuricemia of human diseases (Nuki and Simkin, 2006). In our previous study, we found that NIBV infection can increase the expression and activity of XOD in serum, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant activity in poultry's body (Lin et al, 2015). In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important ingredient of body' anti-oxidative enzyme system, it is considered as the first line of defense of superoxide radial and against toxicity from ROS (Sotootero et al, 2000;Samuel et al, 2011).…”