Elevated moral condemnation of third-party violations in multiple sclerosis patients

Patil, Indrajeet; Young, Liane; Sinay, Vladimiro; Gleichgerrcht, Ezequiel

doi:10.1080/17470919.2016.1175380

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Crucially, prior research shows similar patterns of reliance on harm caused for both blame judgments and punishment judgments 1 . Indeed, the effect for punishment has been replicated across numerous studies 1,4,23,24 . Each question lasted for 6 s and participants could provide their judgment using a 7-point Likert scale on which cursor could be moved using two fingers; the initial location of the cursor was randomized across trials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…But the fixed effect of interest to the current investigation, the interaction between outcome and the type of question/judgment, was not significant: estimate = 0.231, se = 0.233, df = 3370.585, t = 0.993, p = 0.321. Recall though that we did obtain this interaction in behavioral studies, reported as Studies 6-7, and this effect has also been observed in Italian sample 23 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Scientific RepoRts | 7: 5200 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-05299-9 increased significantly more than acceptability with reference to a neutral case 1,23 . Thus, we expected the empathy network to be active to a greater degree while people were assigning blame to accidents as compared to assessing the acceptability of an accident, but for no other condition.…”

Section: Differential Empathy Network Response To Accidental Harms Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

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The behavioral and neural basis of empathic blame

Patil¹,

Calo²,

fFornasier³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Mature moral judgments rely both on a perpetrator's intent to cause harm, and also on the actual harm caused-even when unintended. Much prior research asks how intent information is represented neurally, but little asks how even unintended harms influence judgment. We interrogate the psychological and neural basis of this process, focusing especially on the role of empathy for the victim of a harmful act. Using fMRI, we found that the 'empathy for pain' network was involved in encoding harmful outcomes and integrating harmfulness information for different types of moral judgments, and individual differences in the extent to which this network was active during encoding and integration of harmfulness information determined severity of moral judgments. Additionally, activity in the network was down-regulated for acceptability, but not blame, judgments for accidental harm condition, suggesting that these two types of moral evaluations are neurobiologically dissociable. These results support a model of "empathic blame", whereby the perceived suffering of a victim colors moral judgment of an accidental harmdoer.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Differential Empathy Network Response To Accidental Harms Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

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The behavioral and neural basis of empathic blame

Patil¹,

Calo²,

fFornasier³

et al. 2017

Preprint

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…(For instance, two drunk drivers who fall asleep at the wheel face very different penalties if one runs into a tree and another runs into a person). Although chance outcomes only play a small role in adults’ moral judgments of a person’s character or conduct (i.e., acceptability judgments ), they play a large role in the assignment of blame and punishment 1, 4, 23, 24 (i.e., blame judgments ) (for a more detailed discussion, see Supplementary Text S1). We aim to clarify the psychological and neural basis of this effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavioral and neural basis of empathic blame

Patil

Calò

Fornasier

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Mature moral judgments rely both on a perpetrator’s intent to cause harm, and also on the actual harm caused–even when unintended. Much prior research asks how intent information is represented neurally, but little asks how even unintended harms influence judgment. We interrogate the psychological and neural basis of this process, focusing especially on the role of empathy for the victim of a harmful act. Using fMRI, we found that the ‘empathy for pain’ network was involved in encoding harmful outcomes and integrating harmfulness information for different types of moral judgments, and individual differences in the extent to which this network was active during encoding and integration of harmfulness information determined severity of moral judgments. Additionally, activity in the network was down-regulated for acceptability, but not blame, judgments for accidental harm condition, suggesting that these two types of moral evaluations are neurobiologically dissociable. These results support a model of “empathic blame”, whereby the perceived suffering of a victim colors moral judgment of an accidental harmdoer.

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“…For example, the encoding of mental states occurs very early during information processing in the right TPJ7, left TPJ8, and amygdala9. The rTPJ, dmPFC, and PCC are also involved in integrating belief states1011 with other morally relevant pieces of information (e.g., consequences) to construct final moral judgments12131415. On the other hand, the dmPFC is involved in encoding the valence (harmful or neutral) of the beliefs10.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomical correlates of forgiving unintentional harms

Patil

Calò

Fornasier

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Mature moral judgments rely on the consideration of a perpetrator’s mental state as well as harmfulness of the outcomes produced. Prior work has focused primarily on the functional correlates of how intent information is neurally represented for moral judgments, but few studies have investigated whether individual differences in neuroanatomy can also explain variation in moral judgments. In the current study, we conducted voxel-based morphometry analyses to address this question. We found that local grey matter volume in the left anterior superior temporal sulcus, a region in the functionally defined theory of mind or mentalizing network, was associated with the degree to which participants relied on information about innocent intentions to forgive accidental harms. Our findings provide further support for the key role of mentalizing in the forgiveness of accidental harms and contribute preliminary evidence for the neuroanatomical basis of individual differences in moral judgments.

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Elevated moral condemnation of third-party violations in multiple sclerosis patients

Cited by 23 publications

References 119 publications

The behavioral and neural basis of empathic blame

The behavioral and neural basis of empathic blame

The behavioral and neural basis of empathic blame

Neuroanatomical correlates of forgiving unintentional harms

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