Elevated Mumps Antibody Titers in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Suggesting Chronic Mumps Virus Infection in the Central Nervous System

Julkunen, Ilkka; Lehtokoski-Lehtiniemi, Eeva; Koskiniemi, Marjaleena; Vaheri, Antti

doi:10.1097/00006454-198501000-00023

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Mumps viral infection of choroidal and ependymal epithelial cells allows for viral spread throughout the brain parenchyma (Wolinsky et al, 1976). In rare instances, mumps virus is thought to persist in the CNS either following recovery from acute mumps virus encephalitis or during the course of chronic progressive mumps virus encephalitis as mumps virus-specific antibodies have been found to persist in the CSF in both cases (Julkunen et al, 1985; Haginoya et al 1995). …”

Section: Mumps Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive immune response to viral infections in the central nervous system

Libbey

Fujinami

2014

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

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Historically, the central nervous system (CNS) has been considered to be an immunologically privileged site within the body (Bailey et al., 2006; Galea et al. 2007; Engelhardt, 2008; Prendergast and Anderton, 2009). By definition, immunologically privileged sites, to include the brain, cornea, testis, and pregnant uterus, have a reduced/delayed ability to reject foreign tissue grafts compared to conventional sites within the body, such as skin (Streilein, 2003; Bailey et al., 2006; Carson et al., 2006; Mrass and Weninger, 2006; Kaplan and Niederkorn, 2007). In addition and conversely, tissue grafts prepared from immunologically privileged sites have increased survival, compared to tissue grafts prepared from conventional sites, when implanted at conventional sites (Streilein, 2003). The imune privilege of the CNS has been shown to be confined to the parenchyma, whereas the immune reactivity of the meninges and the ventricles, containing the choroid plexus, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and the circumventricular organs, is similar to conventionalsites (Carson et al., 2006; Engelhardt, 2006; Galea et al., 2007). This confinement of the imm une privilege to the parenchyma has also been demonstrated for experimental influenza virus infection in which confinement of the infection to the brain parenchyma did not result in efficient immune system priming whereas infection of the CSF elicited a virus-specific immune response comparable to that of intranasal infection (Stevenson et al. 1997). An important functional aspect of immune privilege is that damage due to the immune response and inflammation is limited within sensitive organs containing cell types that regenerate poorly, such as neurons within the brain (Mrass and Weninger, 2006; Galea et al.. 2007; Kaplan and Niederkorn, 2007).

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Section: Mumps Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%