Elevated Pyrogenic Cytokines in Heatstroke

Bouchama, Abderrezak; Al‐Sedairy, Sultan T.; Siddiqui, Shahnaz; Shail, Essam Al; Rezeig, Mohammed

doi:10.1378/chest.104.5.1498

Cited by 180 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The plasma levels of TNF-a and IL-1b are shown to be well related to the severity of heatstroke (34,35). Indeed, increased levels of these cytokines are associated with heatstroke-induced arterial hypotension, cerebral ischemia, and neuronal damage (32,33; present results).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Prior Antagonism of Endothelin-1A Receptors Alleviates Circulatory Shock and Cerebral Ischemia During Rat Heatstroke

Liu¹,

Chen²,

Cheng³

et al. 2004

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. In this study, we investigated the acute hemodynamic effects of an infusion of the endothelin-1 (ET-1)-A-selective receptor antagonists BQ-610 and BQ-123 in heatstroke rats with circulatory shock and cerebral ischemia. Heatstroke was induced by putting the anesthetized adult Sprague-Dawley rats into an ambient temperature of 42°C. The moment in which the mean arterial pressure dropped irreversibly from the peak for an extent of 25 mmHg was taken as the onset of heatstroke. The interval between initiation of heat exposure and heatstroke onset was found to be about 80 min for rats treated with vehicle solution. When the animals were exposed to 42°C for 80 min, hyperthermia, arterial hypotension, decrement of cardiac output (due to decreased stroke volume and decreased total peripheral resistance), increment of plasma ET-1 and tumor necrosis factor-a , and increment of cerebral ischemia and injury markers were manifested. Prior antagonism of ET-1 A receptors with BQ-610 (0.5 mg / kg, i.v.) or BQ-123 (1 mg / kg, i.v.), but not ET-1B receptors with BQ-788 (0.5 mg / kg, i.v.), 60 min before the initiation of heat exposure, appreciably alleviated hyperthermia, arterial hypotension, decreased cardiac output, increment of tumor necrosis factor-a , and increment of cerebral ischemia (e.g., glutamate and lactate / pyruvate ratio) and injury (e.g., glycerol) markers exhibited during heatstroke. The data indicates that ET-1A receptor antagonism may maintain appropriate levels of mean arterial pressure and cerebral circulation during heatstroke by reducing production of tumor necrosis factor-a .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Prior Antagonism of Endothelin-1A Receptors Alleviates Circulatory Shock and Cerebral Ischemia During Rat Heatstroke

Liu¹,

Chen²,

Cheng³

et al. 2004

J Pharmacol Sci

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“…For example, it has been shown that an endotoxin given systemically induces an increase of tissue cytokines and iNOS-dependent NO production in the brain and lead to arterial hypotension (20). The plasma levels of both TNF-α and IL-1β are greatly elevated during heat stroke in both rats and rabbits (5,7,15,16,21). The increased levels of these inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood stream are associated with the heat stroke-induced arterial hypotension and cerebral ischemia and damage (5, 15; present results).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the striatum was chosen as a representative region for measurement of local cerebral blood flow (CBF) as well as iNOS-dependent NO production. In fact, both the plasma levels of TNF-α, and IL-1β (15,16) and cerebral levels of iNOS-dependent NO (3) are shown to be well related to the severity of heat stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shengmai San, a Chinese Herbal Medicine Protects Against Rat Heat Stroke by Reducing Inflammatory Cytokines and Nitric Oxide Formation

Wang¹,

Chang²,

Liou³

et al. 2005

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether the possible occurrence of overproduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-dependent nitric oxide (NO) in the brain and inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood exhibited during heat stroke can be reduced by prior administration of Shengmai San, a Chinese herbal medicine. Aminoguanidine, an iNOS inhibitor, was evaluated at the same time as a reference (positive control). Urethaneanesthetized rats were exposed to heat stress (ambient temperature of 43°C) to induce heat stroke. Control rats were exposed to 24°C. Mean arterial pressure and cerebral blood flow after the onset of heat stroke were all significantly lower than in control rats. However, cerebral iNOS immunoreactivity and NO levels were all greater after the onset of heat stroke. The serum levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were all increased after the onset of heat stroke. Shengmai San (1.2 g / ml per rat) or aminoguanidine (30 µmol / ml per rat) was administered orally, daily, and consecutively for 7 days before the initiation of heat stress; and this significantly attenuated the heat stress-induced arterial hypotension, cerebral ischemia, and increased levels of brain iNOS-dependent NO production and serum cytokines formation. Shengmai San shared with the aminoguanidine almost the same efficacy in reducing iNOSdependent NO and cytokines overproduction during heat stroke. These results suggest that Shengmai San or aminoguanidine protects against heat stroke-induced arterial hypotension and cerebral ischemia by inhibition of iNOS-dependent NO overproduction in the brain and excessive accumulation of several inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood stream.

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“…Intensive military training or strenuous exercise in the heat can lead to heatstroke, where an individual's core temperature can vary from approximately 41°C to 47°C during heat stroke [20][21][22]. Although our subjects averaged 37.9°C, no one topped 39.5°C or showed any signs of heat stroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Changes in Endothelial Markers during a Summer Ultra-Endurance Road Cycling Event in the Heat

BR¹

2016

Int J Sports Exerc Med

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Purpose: To assess the impact of completing a 164 km road cycling event performed in a hot environment (Wichita Falls, Texas in August), on endothelial biomarkers and resultant risk of blood clots in men and women.Methods: 37 event participants (28 men and 9 women; 51.8 ± 9.5 y) completed the ride. Plasma samples were collected in the morning before (PRE) and immediately after (IP) completing the ride. Concentrations of endothelial cell markers -endothelin-1 (ET-1), p-selectin, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), were measured and associations between changes from PRE-to IP-ride were examined as a function of race event completion time and participant characteristics (demographics and anthropometrics). Results:All of the endothelial cell markers (ET-1, p-selectin, and I-CAM1) increased significantly from PRE to IP. After controlling for PRE values, completion time was positively correlated with ET-1 (r = 0.42, p < 0.01) and negatively related to p-selectin (r = -0.42, p < 0.05). Waist circumference was positively related to ICAM1 (r = 0.34, p < 0.01). In addition, males had greater concentrations of ICAM1 (d = 1.32, p < 0.01) and p-selectin (d = 0.84, p < 0.05) than females. Conclusion:Completing a 164 km road cycling event in hot conditions resulted in increased concentrations of endothelial cell markers in men and women. Although this result may suggest endothelial cell injury, it is unclear whether this response is indicative of an increased risk of blood clot formation.

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Elevated Pyrogenic Cytokines in Heatstroke

Cited by 180 publications

References 20 publications

Prior Antagonism of Endothelin-1A Receptors Alleviates Circulatory Shock and Cerebral Ischemia During Rat Heatstroke

Prior Antagonism of Endothelin-1A Receptors Alleviates Circulatory Shock and Cerebral Ischemia During Rat Heatstroke

Shengmai San, a Chinese Herbal Medicine Protects Against Rat Heat Stroke by Reducing Inflammatory Cytokines and Nitric Oxide Formation

Changes in Endothelial Markers during a Summer Ultra-Endurance Road Cycling Event in the Heat

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