Elevated tear interleukin-6 levels in patients with Sjögren syndrome

Tishler, Moshe; Yaron, I; Geyer, Orna; Shirazi, Idit; Naftaliev, Eva; Yaron, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(98)91236-2

Cited by 121 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…All BC specimens from the smokers in the current study consistently revealed neutrophil infiltrates, the densities of which were significantly higher compared to the nonsmoker controls. Although not investigated in the current study, an increase in ocular surface and tear inflammation 46 has been shown to coexist with increased levels and activity of proteolytic enzymes, including plasmin and matrix metalloproteases, in dry eye syndromes resulting in ocular surface epithelial damage [47][48][49][50] which might explain the higher fluorescein scores observed in the smokers.…”

Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the tear film and ocular surface health in chronic smokers

Matsumoto

Doğru

Goto

et al. 2008

Eye

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Objective To investigate the effects of chronic smoking on ocular surface and tear functions. Methods Fifteen right eyes of 15 healthy chronic smokers (9 men, 6 women; age range: 36-47 years) who smoked 20 cigarettes per day for 20 years and 20 eyes of 20 control nonsmokers (12 men, 8 women; age range: 38-43 years) were included in this prospective study. All subjects underwent measurements of breath and haemoglobin CO concentration, tear lipid layer interferometry, evaporimetry, tear film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer's I test, corneal fluorescein staining, conjunctival impression, and brush cytology. Results The mean Hb CO level was significantly higher in smokers compared to non-smokers. TBUT was also significantly shorter in smokers. Tear lipid layer showed significant slowing in spread over the tear film with a concomitant significant increase in tear evaporation rate. Conjunctival impression cytology revealed significant loss of goblet cells and squamous metaplasia in smokers. Brush cytology showed significant conjunctival neutrophil infiltration in smoker subjects. Conclusion Chronic smoking induced distinctive quantitative and qualitative disturbances on the ocular surface health.

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Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the tear film and ocular surface health in chronic smokers

Matsumoto

Doğru

Goto

et al. 2008

Eye

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“…(3B) IL-6 IL-6 has also been a focus of interest in SS for some time, and is known to be elevated in the saliva of SS patients (Grisius et (Tishler et al, 1998), with a significant positive correlation between IL-6 levels in tears and LSG biopsy focus scores. Subsequently, it was shown that the level of mRNA coding for IL-6 was increased in the conjunctival epithelium of SS patients (Pflugfelder et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenetic Factors in Sjögren's Syndrome: Recent Developments

Esch¹

2001

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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The study of pathogenetic factors in Sjogren's syndrome ISSI has been problematic, given the overall paucity of coherent data that integrate basic research with clinical findings. The presumed autoimmune nature of SS suggests T-cells, autoantibodies, and cytokines as possible immune factors in the initiation and progression of SS. Recent work on programmed cell death (apoptosis) in SS and its models suggests this as a fourth potential mechanism of disease. These four areas of SS research are reviewed with an emphasis on the most recent findings related to mechanisms of disease. New findings confirm the potential for antigen presentation to T-cells in the salivary glands, as well as involvement of other adhesion molecules with respect to T-cell functions. Restrictions on the receptor repertoires of infiltrating T-cells are discussed, as are new findings on antigenic specificities of these cells. New findings on the specificities of autoantibodies observed in SS are reviewed with an eye toward potential mechanisms for depression of exocrine secretory capacity. Stimulating new findings concerning cytokine production in salivary and lacrimal gland are noted.Particular points of interest with regard to apoptosis include the wide range of values obtained for apoptotic activity in SS and its models, and potential means of resolving discongruent results and the study of factors influencing apoptosis are discussed.

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“…Nos últimos anos várias pesquisas têm se voltado para métodos não-invasivos para o diagnóstico da síndrome de Sjögren, principalmente através de dosagem de substâncias presentes no processo inflamatório na saliva e nas lágrimas, como a interleucina-6 e ácido hialurônico 15,16 . Contudo, ainda não existem estudos definitivos que validem o seu uso como critérios diagnósticos.…”

Section: Anticorpos Anti Ro (Ss-a) Ou La (Ss-b)unclassified

“…Um estudo multicêntrico realizado em 12 países, orientado pelo Grupo de Estudo da Comunidade Européia sobre Critérios para Diagnóstico da síndrome de Sjögren procurou estabelecer critérios e testar sua especificidade e sensibilidade a fim que possam ser usados critérios confiáveis de maneira a uniformizar os diagnósticos 16,17,18 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Aspectos do diagnóstico na Síndrome de Sjögren

Liquidato¹,

Filho²,

Camargo³

et al. 2002

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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Introdução: A Síndrome de Sjögren é uma doença auto-imune que envolve principalmente as glândulas salivares e lacrimais e que pode cursar apenas com xerostomia e diminuição do lacrimejamento ou mesmo com outras manifestações sistêmicas. Vários estudos tentaram estabelecer critérios diagnósticos, já que não existe um exame de certeza. Objetivo: Nosso estudo tem como objetivo a avaliação dos métodos utilizados para o diagnóstico da doença. Forma de estudo: Clínico prospectivo. Material e Método: Foram avaliadas 15 pacientes com suspeita de Síndrome de Sjögren no Ambulatório de Estomatologia do Depto. de Otorrinolaringologia da Santa Casa de São Paulo. Resultados: Das 15 pacientes avaliadas, o diagnóstico foi confirmado apenas em 6 casos. Conclusões: Existe grande dificuldade em se estabelecer o diagnóstico desta doença e, por este motivo, técnicas de exame pouco invasivas devem ser desenvolvidas com a participação do otorrinolaringologista.

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Elevated tear interleukin-6 levels in patients with Sjögren syndrome

Cited by 121 publications

References 10 publications

Alterations of the tear film and ocular surface health in chronic smokers

Alterations of the tear film and ocular surface health in chronic smokers

Pathogenetic Factors in Sjögren's Syndrome: Recent Developments

Aspectos do diagnóstico na Síndrome de Sjögren

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