Elevated temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations: effects on selected microbial activities in temperate agricultural soils

French, Shawn; Levy‐Booth, David J.; Samarajeewa, A.D.; Shannon, Kelly; Smith, Jocelyn; Trevors, J. T.

doi:10.1007/s11274-009-0107-2

Cited by 58 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(149 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, both the land-sparing vs -sharing debate and the many contributions to how to improve plant health management under climate change will need to recognize the importance of soil health, both in terms of its function as habitat for soil-borne plant pathogens, and in relation to the multiple roles of soil microbes in promoting plant health and productivity (French et al 2009;Singh et al 2010). There is a consensus that we have currently less knowledge about potential impacts of climate change on soil-borne pathogens compared to foliar pathogens (Eastburn et al 2011).…”

Section: Interdisciplinarity Stakeholder Involvement and Trade-offsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change on plant diseases—opinions and trends

et al. 2012

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There has been a remarkable scientific output on the topic of how climate change is likely to affect plant diseases. This overview addresses the need for review of this burgeoning literature by summarizing opinions of previous reviews and trends in recent studies on the impacts of climate change on plant health. Sudden Oak Death is used as an introductory case study: Californian forests could become even more susceptible to this emerging plant disease, if spring precipitations will be accompanied by warmer temperatures, although climate shifts may also affect the current synchronicity between host cambium activity and pathogen colonization rate. A summary of observed and predicted climate changes, as well as of direct effects of climate change on pathosystems, is provided. Prediction and management of climate change effects on plant health are complicated by indirect effects and the interactions with global change drivers. Uncertainty in models of plant disease development under climate change calls for a diversity of management strategies, from more participatory approaches to interdisciplinary science. Involvement of stakeholders and scientists from outside plant pathology shows the importance of trade-offs, for example in the land-sharing vs. sparing debate. Further research is needed on climate change and plant health in mountain, boreal, Mediterranean and tropical regions, with multiple climate change factors and scenarios (including our responses to it, e.g. the assisted migration of plants), in relation to endophytes, viruses and mycorrhiza, using long-term and large-scale datasets and considering various plant disease control methods.Keywords Adaptive ecosystem management . Biotic interactions . Landscape pathology . Phytophthora ramorum . Plant disease epidemiology . Tree fungal pathogens Up to the 1990s, there was little information about climate change impacts on plant disease. For example, Eur J Plant Pathol

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Section: Interdisciplinarity Stakeholder Involvement and Trade-offsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change on plant diseases—opinions and trends

et al. 2012

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“…Despite the recent flurry of studies evaluating foliar disease response to climate change conditions, little work has been done to evaluate the effect these environmental changes will have on soilborne, root‐infecting plant pathogens and the diseases they cause. A recent review article (French et al. , 2009) summarizes several studies that have looked at the effects of elevated atmospheric levels of CO 2 on general microbial activity in soil and the rhizosphere, showing changes in respiration rates, enzyme activity levels and community structure, but studies on soilborne pathogen systems need to be conducted as well (see Pritchard, 2011).…”

Section: Knowledge Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of atmospheric and climatic change on plant–pathogen interactions

2011

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Atmospheric change studies conducted in free air concentration enrichment (FACE) systems and open-topped chambers have increased understanding of how factors, such as rising CO 2 and O 3 levels, impact the development of plant disease epidemics. Using these systems, plant scientists have been able to study host ⁄ pathogen systems under real-world conditions where variations in multiple environmental parameters impact disease outcomes. Results from these studies are useful for evaluating earlier predictions on plant responses to climate-change parameters and the resulting impacts on plant disease epidemics. Some of these predictions have been verified, whilst others have yet to be tested. Significant interactions among climate-change parameters are highlighting the importance of conducting studies under real-world conditions. The development of molecular and gene expression tools is allowing the fine scale mechanisms responsible for the observed reactions to be determined, and should increase the ability to predict plant disease outcomes under future climatic conditions.

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“…More than two decades of study on the effects of CO 2 enrichment have greatly improved our understanding on the aboveground plant processes (Drake et al 1996;Baker 2004;Ainsworth 2008). How ever, comparatively little information is available on the impacts of CO 2 enrichment and high temperature on the belowground processes (Lipson et al 2006;French et al 2009). Further, unlike other terrestrial ecosystems, relatively less effort has been made to elucidate possible effects of elevated CO 2 on tropical rice ecosystems (Cheng et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on microbial biomass and enzyme activities in tropical rice soils

Das

Bhattacharyya

Adhya

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The impacts of elevated CO(2) and temperature on microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities in four physicochemically different types of tropical rice soils (Aeric Endoaquept, Aeric Tropoaquept, Ultic Haplustalf and Udic Rhodostalf) were investigated in a laboratory incubation study. Soil samples were incubated under 400, 500 and 600 μmol mol(-1) CO(2) concentration at 25°C, 35°C and 45°C for 2 months. Elevated CO(2) significantly increased the mean microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content, across the soils, over control by 6.2%, 38.0% and 49.2% at 400, 500 and 600 μmol mol(-1) CO(2) concentration, respectively. Soil enzyme activities (fluorescein diacetate hydrolase, dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, urease, alkaline and acid phosphatases) also increased significantly ranging from 1.3% (urease) to 53.2% (alkaline phosphatase) under high CO(2) in the soils studied. Both MBC and soil enzyme activities were further stimulated at high temperatures suggesting elevated CO(2) and high temperature interaction accelerated the general turnover of the organic C fractions of the soil and through increase in microbially mediated processes.

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Elevated temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations: effects on selected microbial activities in temperate agricultural soils

Abstract: Human activities have increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. Research has demonstrated this increased concentration will affect our climate by causing increases in temperature and altered weather patterns.

Cited by 58 publications

References 139 publications

Impacts of climate change on plant diseases—opinions and trends

Impacts of climate change on plant diseases—opinions and trends

Influence of atmospheric and climatic change on plant–pathogen interactions

Interaction effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on microbial biomass and enzyme activities in tropical rice soils

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