Elevation-Dependent Symptom, Mood, and Performance Changes Produced by Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia

Shukitt‐Hale, Barbara; Banderet, Louis E.; Lieberman, Harris R.

doi:10.1207/s15327108ijap0804_1

Cited by 98 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This finding suggests that though there are temporal inductions of anxiety-like behavior in rats exposed to HH for 7 days, it does not lead to induction of depressive disorder on prolonged exposure. Supporting the present observation, previous reports showed that mood state alteration on exposure to HH depends on the altitude and is transient in nature [44].…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Induces Transient Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat

Baitharu¹,

Jain²,

Deep³

et al. 2013

JBBS

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Chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (HH) causes memory impairment and prolonged state of mental confusion. However, effect of high altitude exposure on mood state and its underlying mechanisms have been poorly studied. Present study was undertaken to investigate the mood state alteration following chronic exposure to HH. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups and exposed to hypoxia for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days in an animal decompression chamber at an altitude of 25,000ft. Anxiety-and depression-like behaviors were assessed by using various mazes along with changes in serotonin and glutamate level. Our study revealed a decrease in exploratory, grooming and rearing behavior in open field test following initial exposure to HH for 7 days without affecting the locomotory behavior. Initial exposure to HH-decreased time spent in open arm of elevated plus maze indicating induction of anxiety-like behavior which normalized on prolonged hypoxic exposure for 21 days. Hypoxic exposure for 7 days induced anhedonia and increased despair behavior in rat while there was steady improvement in these behaviors when exposed for 21 days. Decrease in serotonin level was noted in hippocampus along with elevated corticosterone and glutamate level which gradually decreased on prolonged exposure to HH. These findings suggest that initial exposure to HH increases transient anxiety-like behavior in rats followed by gradual improvement in mood state on prolonged exposure. Further, the study also indicates the involvement of serotonergic system in mood state alteration at high altitude following chronic exposure and reoxygenation.

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Induces Transient Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat

Baitharu¹,

Jain²,

Deep³

et al. 2013

JBBS

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“…More adverse changes were noted with longer durations after ascent, especially for 4,700 m simulated altitude. This study, like Banderet's earlier study, 26 demonstrated that moods are significantly altered after only a few hours of exposure to simulated altitude; effects increase (incidence and magnitude) when testing is conducted at 4,700 compared with 4,200 m. 30 In still another study, Shukitt-Hale, Rauch, and Foutch 31 evaluated self-rated symptoms and mood states during a climb of Mount Sanford in Alaska. Self-rated moods and symptoms were determined with the Profile of Mood States and the Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire.…”

Section: Mood Statessupporting

confidence: 50%

“…29 In another study, mood states were evaluated using the Profile of Mood States and the Clyde Mood Scale during a 4.5-hour exposure to a simulated altitude of 4,200 or 4,700 m to examine changes as a function of altitude level and duration of exposure. 30 Effects of 4,700 m altitude were seen for 75% of mood factors (friendliness, sleepiness, dizziness, hostility, depression, anxiety, confusion, fatigue, tension, anger, and vigor), while the effects of 4,200 m altitude were seen for only 25% of mood factors (sleepiness, dizziness, tension, and confusion). More adverse changes were noted with longer durations after ascent, especially for 4,700 m simulated altitude.…”

Section: Mood Statesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Because human cognitive function is sensitive to changes in oxygen availability, exposure to hypoxia should produce a continuum of effects as either the level of HTE or the duration of exposure is increased. In a laboratory study, Shukitt-Hale and colleagues 30 evaluated the behavioral effects of hypoxia as a function of duration of exposure and altitude level with various standardized tests of cognitive performance. Each test was administered from one to three times to participants in an altitude chamber during 4.…”

Section: Cognitive and Psychomotor Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive performance, mood, and neurological status at high terrestrial elevation

Banderet¹,

Shukitt-Hale²

2002

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)Cognitive and psychomotor performance and mood states, including many critical behavioral functions such as sleep, memory, ■ reasoning, and vigilance, are significantly impaired by ascent to HTE higher than 3,000 m. Impairments in behavior caused by HTE can degrade military operations because the judgment and rate and accuracy of performance of military personnel can be affected. Such adverse effects have distinct and measurable time courses; onset of some effects is immediate (cognitive performance), whereas the onset of others is delayed (symptoms of AMS or adverse moods). The behavioral consequences of HTE are primarily dependent on the level of altitude, the duration of exposure the rate of ascent, an individual's state of physiological acclimation or acclimatization, characteristics of the task performed, and characteristics of the individual such as hypoxic sensitivity. Military history documents that the adverse effects induced by HTE need to be considered when military operations at altitude are planned and undertaken. Current research indicates that some performance decrements induced by ascent to extremely high mountains (e.g., Mount Everest, 8,848 m) may persist for a year or longer after return to lower elevations. Psychological, operational, and medical strategies have been employed to minimize these adverse effects. Psychological strategies often involve training and familiarization with the adverse effects that will be experienced at high altitude. Operational strategies include staging at intermediate altitudes, acclimatizing, and using supplemental oxygen from tanks of oxygen generators. Medical strategies often involve the use of medications to improve functioning at altitude and techniques to avoid complications. In most situations, multiple strategies are employed. The strategies now available and new developments to come will ensure that high-altitude military operations in the future will be less affected by adverse changes in cognitive and psychomotor performance and mood.14. SUBJECT TERMS high altitude, hypoxia, cognitive performance, moods, symptoms, time course of altitude effects, behavior NUMBER OF PAGES 3516. PRICE CODE

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“…Despite the strong association between suicide and altitude, other factors may be responsible for this association that are directly related to high altitude per se, for example, low barometric pressure (Shukitt et al, 1998). Many demographic, psychiatric, and sociocultural factors are associated with suicide, and association between high altitude and suicide is speculative.…”

Section: Us Suicide Rates Increase With Altitudementioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Association between Altitude and Suicide in 2584 U.S. Counties

Brenner

Cheng

Clark

et al. 2011

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

115

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Positive association between altitude and suicide in 2584 U.S.counties. High Alt. Med. Biol. 12: 31-35, 2011.-Suicide is an important public health problem worldwide. Recent preliminary studies have reported a positive correlation between mean altitude and the suicide rate of the 48 contiguous U.S.states. Because intrastate altitude may have large variation, we examined all 2584 U.S. counties to evaluate whether an independent relationship between altitude and suicide exists. We hypothesized that counties at higher elevation would have higher suicide rates. This retrospective study examines 20 yr of county-specific mortality data from 1979 to 1998. County altitude was obtained from the U.S. Geologic Survey. Statistical analysis included Pearson correlation, t tests, and multivariable linear and logistic regression. Although there was a negative correlation between county altitude and all-cause mortality (r ¼ À0.31, p < 0.001), there was a strong positive correlation between altitude and suicide rate (r ¼ 0.50, p < 0.001). Mean altitude differed in the 50 counties, with the highest suicide rates compared to those with the lowest rates (4684 vs. 582 ft, p < 0.001). Controlling for percent of age >50 yr, percent male, percent white, median household income, and population density of each county, the higher-altitude counties had significantly higher suicide rates than the lower-altitude counties. Similar findings were observed for both firearm-related suicides (59% of suicides) and nonfirearm-related suicides. We conclude that altitude may be a novel risk factor for suicide in the contiguous United States.

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Elevation-Dependent Symptom, Mood, and Performance Changes Produced by Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia

Cited by 98 publications

References 12 publications

Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Induces Transient Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat

Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Induces Transient Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat

Cognitive performance, mood, and neurological status at high terrestrial elevation

Positive Association between Altitude and Suicide in 2584 U.S. Counties

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