Elevation of sE-Selectin Levels 2–24 Months following Gestational Diabetes Is Associated with Early Cardiometabolic Risk in Nondiabetic Women

Abstract

Objective. We hypothesised that the endothelial dysfunction is associated with early glucose dysregulation and/or atherosclerosis risk factors in nondiabetic women with a previous history of gestational diabetes (pGDM). Material/Methods. Anthropometric parameters, glucose regulation (OGTT), insulin resistance (HOMA), lipids, biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation were evaluated in 85 women with pGDM and in 40 controls 2–24 months postpartum. Results. The pGDM group consisted of 67% normoglycemic women (pGDM-N) and 33% with prediabetic state (pGDM-P). The BMI, waist circumference, fasting and 2 h glucose (OGTT), soluble adhesion molecules, tissue plasminogen activator antigen, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, total-, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides/HDL-cholesterol ratio were higher in the pGDM women compared with the controls. After adjustment for BMI and fasting glucose, only higher triglycerides, higher TG/HDL and lower HDL-cholesterol were associated with pGDM. The pGDM-P differed from pGDM-N for only higher triglycerides and TG/HDL. The plasma level of sE-selectin was not independently associated with glucose concentration in pGDM group. sE-selectin level correlated with triglycerides, TG/HDL, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen, and sICAM-1. Conclusions. sE-selectin level correlated with components of metabolic syndrome, but only the atherogenic lipid profile was independently associated with a previous history of GDM in nondiabetic women 2–24 months postpartum.

Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in relation to impaired carbohydrate metabolism following pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

“…Therefore, we agree with Chao et al, that from an epidemiological point of view parameters of endothelial dysfunction might contribute only little for diabetes prediction as compared to traditional risk factors including fasting glucose, body composition and clinical risk factors (as was shown by the authors in a large sample of postmenopausal women) [ 35 ]. This was also reflected by another recent report, where sE-selectin levels correlated with components of the metabolic syndrome, but however, were not independently related to abnormal glucose regulation early after delivery [ 36 ]. We have previously examined several risk factors for diabetes progression by using data of the present study and have identified parameters of disturbed carbohydrate metabolism (e.g.…”

Molecular Analysis of a Genetic Variants Panel Related to Nutrients and Metabolism: Association with Susceptibility to Gestational Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Risk in Affected Women

“…In this view, the authors have proposed the necessity of new markers to be used to study the effect of GDM on cardiovascular risk during follow-up [29, 30]. Sokup et al [31] showed that the TG/HDL-C ratio, an early marker of endothelial dysfunction and CV risk, was higher in GDM women one year after the pregnancy, as compared to controls. In this context, of particular relevance is the association found in the present study between, respectively, APOA5 -1131 T>C and MC4R rs17782313 with 3rd trimester HDL-C in GDM women.…”

Aortic Stiffness and Cardiovascular Risk in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

“…Recently, the TG/HDL-C ratio has been identified as a surrogate cardio-metabolic risk marker that may predict adverse CV outcome in hypertensive subjects (22). Sokup et al recently reported that TG, HDL-C, and the TG/HDL-C ratio were elevated in GDM women at around one year after the index pregnancy, and may represent an early marker of endothelial dysfunction and CV risk [ 39 ]. They further found that this atherogenic lipid profile in non-diabetic women with a history of GDM was independent of both HOMA-IR and BMI.…”