Elevation of Seizure Thresholds: A Comparison of Cerebellar Stimulation, Phenobarbital, and Diphenylhydantoin

Strain, George M.; Meter, William G. Van; Brockman, William H.

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1978.tb05176.x

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the cerebellum may abort electrically or chemically induced seizures and drastically alter the electrophysiological profile of the neuronal tissue in vitro and in vivo. 1,2,5,8,[13][14][15]19,21,22,26,28,30,35,38,39,41,42,48,49,52,53 However, there are several issues that remain to be resolved and important questions that need to be answered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vast majority of the animal experimental studies but also the clinical trials have used the cerebellum cortical surface as stimulation target, with frequently contradictory results. 8,5,[14][15][16]22,23,38,48,52,53 However, the stimulation of the deep cerebellar nuclei appears to provide more solid data and better seizure control. 1,35 There are several mechanisms that may explain this discrepancy in the results of the cortical CS in animal and human studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,22,38,48,52,53 Reimer et al 48 found that stimulation of the vermis produced prolongation of the seizures induced by cortical application of cobalt powder in their cats. Likewise, Hablitz 21 and Myers et al 43 found that CS had no effect on seizure activity in their penicillin-induced seizure models.…”

Section: Animal Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cerebellar stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy: a systematic and critical review

Fountas¹,

Kapsalaki²,

Hadjigeorgiou

2010

FOC

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Object The wide application of deep brain stimulation in the management of movement as well as other degenerative neurological and psychiatric disorders has renewed the interest in using deep brain stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy. Various stimulation targets have been used with significantly varying results in aborting seizure activity. Electrical cerebellar stimulation (CS) has been used for more than 50 years in the management of epilepsy, with conflicting results. In the current study, the authors review the pertinent literature to outline the role of CS in the management of medically refractory epilepsy. Methods The PubMed medical database was systematically searched for the following terms: “cerebellar,” “epilepsy,” “stimulation,” and “treatment,” and all their combinations. Case reports were excluded from this study. Results The pertinent articles were categorized into 2 large groups: animal experimental and human clinical studies. Particular emphasis on the following aspects was given when reviewing the human clinical studies: their methodological characteristics, the number of participants, their seizure types, the implantation technique and its associated complications, the exact stimulation target, the stimulation technique, the seizure outcome, and the patients' psychological and social poststimulation status. Three clinical double-blind studies were found, with similar implantation surgical technique, stimulation target, and stimulation parameters, but quite contradictory results. Two of these studies failed to demonstrate any significant seizure reduction, whereas the third one showed a significant poststimulation decrease in seizure frequency. All possible factors responsible for these differences in the findings are analyzed in the present study. Conclusions Cerebellar stimulation seems to remain a stimulation target worth exploring for defining its potential in the treatment of medically intractable epilepsy, although the data from the double-blind clinical studies that were performed failed to establish a clear benefit in regard to seizure frequency. A large-scale, double-blind clinical study is required for accurately defining the efficacy of CS in epilepsy treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebellar stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy: a systematic and critical review

Fountas¹,

Kapsalaki²,

Hadjigeorgiou

2010

FOC

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“…The EEG findings later were confirmed by Cooke and Snider (1953). Several subsequent animal studies showed favorable effects of surface or deep cerebellar stimulation on inhibiting seizures in animal models (Dow et al, 1962;Hutton et al, 1972;Babb et al, 1974;Strain et al, 1978). Stimulation of the paramedian lobule at 300 Hz (Cooke and Snider, 1955;Iwata and Snider, 1959), and also the fastigial deep nucleus, inhibited electrically induced seizures in cortex and hippocampus.…”

Section: Cerebellar Stimulation For Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 81%

Deep brain stimulation for epilepsy

Fisher

2013

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

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“…Furthermore, no significant electrographic differences were observed at the sensorimotor cortex during stimulation (16). On the other hand, cerebellar stimulation increased seizure threshold in the rabbit following PTZ administration but not in the electrical stimulation induced seizure model (17). In a chronic epilepsy monkey model, anterior cerebellar vermis stimulation using parameters analogous to Cooper worsened seizure frequency (18).…”

Section: Deep Brain Stimulation Of the Epilepsy Control Systemsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy

Nagel¹,

Najm²

2009

Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface

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Introduction. There is renewed interest in the use of electrical stimulation to control seizures in patients with medically refractory epilepsy. The evidence indicates that multiple nuclei are involved in the onset, spread, or termination of seizures. Establishing electrical stimulation parameters tailored to these nuclei that best control seizures is ongoing. Methods. The aim of this article is to review the published literature on electrical stimulation of the brain for epilepsy in animals and humans. Results. Animal and human research efforts have focused primarily on the study of the cerebellum, anterior thalamus, centromedian thalamus, substania nigra, caudate nucleus, subthalamic nucleus, and amygdalo-hippocampal complex. Electrical stimulation of deep brain nuclei has in some instances controlled seizures and epilepsy. The advent of seizure detection devices used in closed-loop studies has in part redefined the strategy to prevent seizure occurrence and limit spread. Discussion. A number of studies in animals and humans indicate that electrical stimulation may be an alternative treatment for some patients with medically intractable epilepsy who are not candidates for conventional surgical options. Conclusion. The reduction in the number and/or severity of seizures found in some studies supports further investigation into the effects of electrical stimulation on the brain and the continuation of testing in animals and humans.

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Elevation of Seizure Thresholds: A Comparison of Cerebellar Stimulation, Phenobarbital, and Diphenylhydantoin

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Cerebellar stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy: a systematic and critical review

Cerebellar stimulation in the management of medically intractable epilepsy: a systematic and critical review

Deep brain stimulation for epilepsy

Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy

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