Elevator Regenerative Energy Applications with Ultracapacitor and Battery Energy Storage Systems in Complex Buildings

Abstract

Due to the dramatic growth of the global population, building multi-story buildings has become a necessity, which strongly requires the installation of an elevator regardless of the type of building being built. This study focuses on households, which are the second-largest electricity consumers after the transportation sector. In residential buildings, elevators impose huge electricity costs because they are used by many consumers. The novelty of this paper is implementing a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS), including an ultracapacitor Energy Storage (UCES) and a Battery Energy Storage (BES) system, in order to reduce the amount of power and energy consumed by elevators in residential buildings. The control strategy of this study includes two main parts. In the first stage, an indirect field-oriented control strategy is implemented to provide new features and flexibility to the system and take benefit of the regenerative energy received from the elevator’s motor. In the second stage, a novel control strategy is proposed to control the HESS efficiently. In this context, the HESS is only fed by regenerated power so the amount of energy stored in the UC can be used to reduce peak consumption. Meanwhile, the BES supplies common electrical loads in the building, e.g., washing machines, heating services (both boiler and heat pump), and lighting, which helps to achieve a nearly zero energy building.

Systematic Design of Energy-Saving Action Plans for Taiwan Campus by Considering Economic Benefits and Actual Demands

“…Kermani et al [24] implemented a hybrid energy storage system, including an ultracapacitor energy storage and a battery energy storage system, in order to reduce the amount of power and energy consumed by elevators in residential buildings. Although the control strategy in Ref.…”

“…Although the control strategy in Ref. [24] includes the benefit of the regenerative energy received from the elevator's motor, the operating hours of each elevator in the proposed evaluation process (Section 4.4) are not considered in Ref. [24], so the benefit will be decreased if power recovery systems are installed in every elevator.…”

Supercapacitor-Based Energy Storage in Elevators to Improve Energy Efficiency of Buildings

“…In addition, only a few recent research papers have highlighted the role of energyefficient elevators in improving building energy efficiency. In [25], a hybrid energy storage system with an ultracapacitor energy storage system and a battery energy storage system was proposed to reduce the power and energy consumption of elevators in residential buildings. An ultracapacitor was used to reduce peak consumption, and a battery storage system was used to supply the general electrical loads in the building.…”

Energy Savings in Elevators by Using a Particular Permanent-Magnet Motor Drive

“…The main advantages are that 80% less energy is required depending on the uses performed by the lift; it is powered by one small system, two photovoltaic panels and two batteries; it can be an integrated building evacuation system (BEMS) in which people cannot be trapped in it, as it is continuously powered by the batteries; and there is the possibility of providing additional 230 VAC electricity. Moreover, it has a longer lifespan, as the power generation is of better quality and gives the possibility of 30 movements per day, providing autonomy for 30 days [27][28][29][30][31].…”

“…The main advantages are that 80% less energy is depending on the uses performed by the lift; it is powered by one small sys photovoltaic panels and two batteries; it can be an integrated building ev system (BEMS) in which people cannot be trapped in it, as it is continuously by the batteries; and there is the possibility of providing additional 230 VAC ity. Moreover, it has a longer lifespan, as the power generation is of bette and gives the possibility of 30 movements per day, providing autonomy fo [27][28][29][30][31].  This paper illustrated through experimental validation that, by implementing ular loading pattern in the control of the elevator, energy savings of up to alm can be achieved, corresponding to the highest level attainable in such applicat and can be of reference value, offering great services for operators in the field (a) (b)…”