ELIGANT: a Phase 4, interventional, safety study of leuprorelin acetate (ELIGARD®) in Asian men with prostate cancer

Abstract

Background:The incidence and mortality rate of men with prostate cancer have been increasing in Asia.ELIGARD ® is a formulation of leuprorelin acetate whose safety and efficacy have been well-established in Western regions. However, limited safety data are available for Asian populations.Methods: ELIGANT (ELIGard AsiaN sTudy) was a Phase 4, multicenter, prospective, single-arm, interventional study. Men with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer without concomitant chemotherapy, or another androgen receptor pathway inhibitor, were enrolled across Asia to receive ELIGARD ® (22.5 mg subcutaneous depot injection) every 3 months for 15 months, with a follow-up visit at 18 months. The primary objective was to establish the safety of ELIGARD ® in Asian men with hormonedependent prostate cancer. The secondary objectives were to assess efficacy, via prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression and testosterone levels, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).Results: In total, 106 patients were included in the safety analysis set (SAF). The most common treatmentemergent adverse events (TEAEs) included PSA increase, cough, back pain, hot flush, anemia, and upper respiratory tract infection. TEAEs considered related to ELIGARD ® were reported in 13.2% of patients (n=14), two of which were serious. In the full analysis set (FAS) (n=105), 81.2% (n=56) and 68.5% (n=61) of patients achieved a PSA reduction of ≥90% from baseline at 12 and 18 months, respectively. At 18 months, the numbers of patients with testosterone levels <20, 20-50, and >50 ng/dL were 65 (61.9%), 17 (16.2%), and two (1.9%), respectively; 20% had missing testosterone measurements. HRQoL remained stable throughout the study with minimal change from baseline at study completion. Conclusions:In conclusion, the safety profile of ELIGARD ® (22.5 mg) in Asian men with hormonedependent prostate cancer is comparable to previous studies in Western regions.