Ellipses Test - A New Research Tool to Measure Extensive vs Intensive Attention

Roczniewska, Marta; Sterczyński, Radosław; Popławska, Agnieszka; Szamotulska, Barbara; Kolańczyk, Alina

doi:10.2478/v10167-010-0031-y

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Studies investigating attention processes point out that size of the attentional focus may vary depending on the task at hand (for example Castiello & Umiltà, 1990; for review see Carrasco, 2011). Moreover, research suggests a differentiation between extensive and intensive attention (Kolanczyk, 2011). Extensive attention is associated with less strict attention filters which leads to broader scope of attention allowing for creative thinking (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polish Psychological Bulletin

Tomczak

2018

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On one hand, Judgment and Decision Making (JDM) research reports a phenomena called the cross-modal effect, which shows that magnitude priming based on spatial attributes of a stimuli might influence numerical estimations. On the other hand, research directed at human cognition reports that processing of space and numbers may interfere. Despite different theoretical backgrounds, those two lines of research report similar results. Is it possible that the cross-modal anchoring and the interaction between space and number are just two manifestations of the same psychological effect, conceptualized within different paradigms? In Experiment 1 participants were asked to draw lines of different length and estimate numerosity of sets of dots presented for 100 ms. Based on current studies, magnitude priming is assimilated with subsequent numerical judgment. However, an unexpected contrast effect was observed in Experiment 1. Priming of "smallness" resulted in higher estimations of numerosity, while priming of "largeness" was associated with lower estimations. Short exposition time often leads to automatic attention processes, which could possibly account for the observed contrast effect. In Experiment 2 this assumption was tested, verifying potential differences between different exposition times (100 ms vs 300 ms). The same pattern of results was obtained. Findings of both experiments are discussed from the perspective of different anchoring paradigms and concepts related to space and number processing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polish Psychological Bulletin

Tomczak

2018

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“…To measure breadth of attention, we used the Ellipses Test ( Roczniewska et al, 2011 ), which consisted of 363 letters ( a, d, e, k, s , and w ) arranged in the shape of ellipses on a computer screen. Ellipses made of letters varied in size, with smaller ellipses located inside bigger ellipses (see Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“… The Ellipses Test ( Roczniewska et al, 2011 ). In this example, one letter has been selected – the d marked in green font.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were asked to stop the task and were informed that they would be able to finish it later. Next, the Ellipses Test was administered to measure attentional breadth ( Roczniewska et al, 2011 ). Participants were instructed that a number of letters would appear on the screen.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both studies used a between-subjects design and employed different measures of breadth of attention. Study 1 measured attentional breadth with a task specifically designed to measure extensive–intensive attention states ( Roczniewska et al, 2011 ), with a state of extensive attention defined as broader and more sensitive to peripheral stimuli than a state of intensive attention. In the second study, we drew from the peripheral cues paradigm ( Mendelsohn and Griswold, 1964 ) to measure breadth of attention through recognition of peripheral stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engaging in Creativity Broadens Attentional Scope

2018

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Previous studies have shown that creativity is enhanced by a broad attentional scope, defined as an ability to utilize peripheral stimuli and process information globally. We propose that the reverse relationship also holds, and that breadth of attention also is a consequence of engaging in a creative activity. In Study 1, participants showed increased breadth of attention in a visual scanning task after performing a divergent thinking task as opposed to an analytic thinking task. In Study 2, participants recognized peripheral stimuli displayed during the task better after performing a divergent thinking task as compared to an analytic task, whereas recognition performance of participants performing a task that involves a mix of divergent and analytic thinking (the Remote Associates Test) fell in between. Additionally, in Study 2 (but not in Study 1), breadth of attention was positively correlated with performance in a divergent thinking task, but not with performance in an analytic thinking task. Our findings suggest that the adjustment of the cognitive system to task demands manifests at a very basic, perceptual level, through changes in the breadth of visual attention. This paper contributes a new, motivational perspective on attentional breadth and discusses it as a result of adjusting cognitive processing to the task requirements, which contributes to effective self-regulation.

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Ellipses Test - A New Research Tool to Measure Extensive vs Intensive Attention

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Polish Psychological Bulletin

Polish Psychological Bulletin

Engaging in Creativity Broadens Attentional Scope

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