Elliptic and Triangular Flow in Event-by-Event<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">D</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:math>Viscous Hydrodynamics

Schenke, Bjoern; Jeon, Sangyong; Gale, Charles

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.106.042301

Cited by 734 publications

(707 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In very central collisions the ratio of conversion efficiencies for event-byevent vs. single-shot hydrodynamics is closer to 1, but it degrades strongly in very peripheral collisions where event-by-event evolution generates on average 30−40% less elliptic flow than single-shot hydrodynamics. The generic tendency of event-by-event hydrodynamic evolution of fluctuating initial profiles to generate less elliptic flow than expected from hydrodynamic evolution of the corresponding smooth average profile has been observed before [27,30]; our systematic study in Fig. 13a quantifies this effect over the full range of collision centralities.…”

Section: B Elliptic and Triangular Flowmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This allows for easy later inclusion of viscous effects. A (3+1)-d viscous hydrodynamic code has recently become available [30], and a comparison between (2+1)-d and (3+1)-d viscous evolution near midrapidity is in progress [48].…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, widely held beliefs as to which moments of the initial eccentricity distribution are directly related to which moments of the final flow distribution [17,21,26] must be tested by generating the final states hydrodyamically event by event, i.e. separately for each fluctuating initial condition [20,[27][28][29][30][31]. These are the goals addressed in the present article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Event-by-event shape and flow fluctuations of relativistic heavy-ion collision fireballs

2011

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Heavy-ion collisions create deformed quark-gluon plasma (QGP) fireballs which explode anisotropically. The viscosity of the fireball matter determines its ability to convert the initial spatial deformation into momentum anisotropies that can be measured in the final hadron spectra. A quantitatively precise empirical extraction of the QGP viscosity thus requires a good understanding of the initial fireball deformation. This deformation fluctuates from event to event, and so does the finally observed momentum anisotropy. We present a harmonic decomposition of the initial fluctuations in shape and orientation of the fireball and perform event-by-event (2+1)-dimensional ideal fluid dynamical simulations to extract the resulting fluctuations in the magnitude and direction of the corresponding harmonic components of the final anisotropic flow at midrapidity. The final harmonic flow coefficients are found to depend non-linearly on the initial harmonic eccentricity coefficients. We show that, on average, initial density fluctuations suppress the buildup of elliptic flow relative to what one obtains from a smooth initial profile of the same eccentricity, and discuss implications for the phenomenological extraction of the QGP shear viscosity from experimental elliptic flow data.

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Section: B Elliptic and Triangular Flowmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Event-by-event shape and flow fluctuations of relativistic heavy-ion collision fireballs

2011

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“…The study of these collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has demonstrated that matter at temperatures above the crossover between hot hadronic matter and hotter QGP exhibits strong collective phenomena [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] which can be described successfully by hydrodynamic simulations of the rapid expansion and cooling of the initially lumpy droplets of matter produced in the collisions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Such strong collectivity has also recently been observed in smaller colliding systems, including p-Pb, p-p or 3 He-Au [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], for which hydrodynamic simulations also seem to be successful [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angular structure of jet quenching within a hybrid strong/weak coupling model

Casalderrey-Solana

Gulhan

Milhano

et al. 2017

J. High Energ. Phys.

121

145

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Within the context of a hybrid strong/weak coupling model of jet quenching, we study the modification of the angular distribution of the energy within jets in heavy ion collisions, as partons within jet showers lose energy and get kicked as they traverse the strongly coupled plasma produced in the collision. To describe the dynamics transverse to the jet axis, we add the effects of transverse momentum broadening into our hybrid construction, introducing a parameter K ≡q/T 3 that governs its magnitude. We show that, because of the quenching of the energy of partons within a jet, even when K = 0 the jets that survive with some specified energy in the final state are narrower than jets with that energy in proton-proton collisions. For this reason, many standard observables are rather insensitive to K. We propose a new differential jet shape ratio observable in which the effects of transverse momentum broadening are apparent. We also analyze the response of the medium to the passage of the jet through it, noting that the momentum

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“…We employ the viscous relativistic fluid dynamic simulation music [13,14,15], which is a 3+1 dimensional simulation. However, because the initial conditions from the IP-Glasma model are boost-invariant, it is used in its 2+1 dimensional mode.…”

Section: Ip-glasma + Musicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective effects in light–heavy ion collisions

Schenke

Venugopalan

2014

Nuclear Physics A

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We present results for the azimuthal anisotropy of charged hadron distributions in A+A, p+A, d+A, and 3 He+A collisions within the IP-Glasma+music model. Obtained anisotropies are due to the fluid dynamic response of the system to the fluctuating initial geometry of the interaction region. While the elliptic and triangular anisotropies in peripheral Pb+Pb collisions at √ s = 2.76 TeV are well described by the model, the same quantities in √ s = 5.02 TeV p+Pb collisions underestimate the experimental data. This disagreement can be due to neglected initial state correlations or the lack of a detailed description of the fluctuating spatial structure of the proton, or both. We further present predictions for azimuthal anisotropies in p+Au, d+Au, and 3 He+Au collisions at √ s = 200 GeV. For d+Au and 3 He+Au collisions we expect the detailed substructure of the nucleon to become less important.

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Elliptic and Triangular Flow in Event-by-EventD=3+1Viscous Hydrodynamics

Cited by 734 publications

References 66 publications

Event-by-event shape and flow fluctuations of relativistic heavy-ion collision fireballs

Event-by-event shape and flow fluctuations of relativistic heavy-ion collision fireballs

Angular structure of jet quenching within a hybrid strong/weak coupling model

Collective effects in light–heavy ion collisions

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