Ellisras Longitudinal Study 2017: patterns of physical activity in an urban and rural setting among black South African adults (ELS 23)

Mabweazara, Z Smart; Leach, L Lloyd; Smith, Mario; Tsolekile, Lungiswa; Puoane, Thandi

doi:10.5830/cvja-2019-018

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The findings of this study were consistent with studies in South Africa and internationally that indicated that rural residents tend to be more physically active than urban dwellers [ 16 , 70 , 72 ]. However, in our study a high prevalence of physical inactivity was found in both rural and low-resourced urban participants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of non-communicable disease risk factors, functional performance, and health-related quality of life in adults: a comparative analysis in low-resourced urban and rural areas of South Africa

Ramalivhana,

Veldsman,

Moss

2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Globally, disparities between non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors, functional performance, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) exist in people living in rural and low-resourced urban settings. Evidence of these health differences determined with objective NCD risk factors and functional performance measurements in South Africa, is scarce. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the differences in NCD risk factors, functional performance and HRQoL between rural and low-resourced urban areas. Methods The study recruited 311 adults (35–80 years) presenting with at least one NCD risk factor from low-resourced urban- (n = 183) and rural (n = 128) communities. Objective measurements of physical activity (PA) by means of combined heart rate and accelerometery, body composition employing skinfolds, peripheral lipid and glucose concentrations, blood pressure, functional performance indicators (handgrip, single leg stand, sit-to-stand, timed-up-and-go speed, predicted peak VO2 max); and HRQoL were measured according to standard procedures. Independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U, and chi-square tests were performed to determine differences between the variables of low-resourced urban and rural settings. Results The participants from the low-resourced urban setting were significantly older than the rural residents (59.1 ± 10.7 years vs. 52.8 ± 11.3 years; p = 0.001). NCD risk factors were significantly more prevalent in the low-resourced urban participants compared to rural participants, in particular for elevated systolic (85.8% vs. 62.5%; p = 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (88.5% vs. 65.6%; p = 0.001), physical inactivity (95.9% vs. 87.7%; p = 0.026), increased cholesterol concentrations (22.1% vs. 8.7%; p = 0.002), and increased waist circumference (61.9% vs. 49.2%; p = 0.027). Low-resourced urban residents presented with a higher average body fat percentage (27.69% ± 7.65% vs. 12.23% ± 4.67%; p < 0.001), and lower moderate to vigorous PA levels (37.19 ± 49.55 [95% CI = 29.12–45.27] vs. 62.92 ± 60.43 min/week [95% CI = 47.95–77.90]; p = 0.003) compared to rural residents. Rural residents showed significantly better functional performance, including peak VO2 (23.99 ± 9.89 vs. 16.95 ± 7.64 ml/min/kg; p = 0.001) and single leg stand (right leg: 44.96 ± 18.47 vs. 20.87 ± 19.18 s; p = 0.001) as well as higher HRQoL for the physical (51.06 ± 8.14% vs. 45.62 ± 11.13%; p < 0.001) and mental (54.75 ± 8.24% vs. 48.91 ± 12.27%; p < 0.001) component scores compared to participants from the low-resourced urban areas. Conclusion NCD risk factors, functional performance, and HRQoL significantly differ in rural communities compared to low-resourced urban communities in South Africa. Urban areas’ most prevalent risk factors were elevated blood pressure, physical inactivity, and increased waist circumference. Participants from rural areas demonstrated significantly better functional performance, such as fitness and balance. HRQoL was better in rural settings than in urban settings. Future intervention programmes should be tailored for specific settings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of non-communicable disease risk factors, functional performance, and health-related quality of life in adults: a comparative analysis in low-resourced urban and rural areas of South Africa

Ramalivhana,

Veldsman,

Moss

2024

BMC Public Health

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“…Besides the well-known influence of these variables on HRQoL and physical health status in older people, there is some evidence that older rural residents experience a health disadvantage compared to urban residents [ 34 ]. Nonetheless, there is no consistent evidence that older people living in rural areas have low scores of physical fitness, PA, and HRQoL compared to those living in urban areas [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. For instance, in studies performed in China ( n = 1029) and Brazil ( n = 2292), the urban older residents showed greater HRQoL than their rural counterparts [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Physical Activity Levels and Functional Fitness Status on the Quality of Life Perceived by Older Adults Living in Rural and Urban Areas: The Portuguese Inland Case

et al. 2022

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Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is influenced by several factors, such as living place, physical activity (PA), and functional fitness levels. Evidence shows that functional fitness and PA levels are strongly associated with positive HRQoL, especially in the older population. However, the impact of the living place has not been investigated as an influencing variable in this context. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the HRQoL, PA, and functional fitness of older adults living in rural and urban areas of Portugal. A cross-sectional study was performed with community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and over (n = 261) living in the city of Guarda. The participants were assessed for sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical health, HRQoL, PA levels, and functional fitness status. The results showed that rural residents presented higher scores of HRQoL and functional fitness than older individuals living in urban areas. Regression models showed that functional fitness variables influence the HRQoL overall score and mental and physical subcomponents of HRQoL, regardless of the living place. In contrast, PA levels only influenced the HRQoL score in rural residents. The findings suggest that intervention programs to improve the physical health, quality of life, and well-being of the older population need to consider the country’s different geographical areas.

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“…Bu et al [28] and Li et al [29] also mentioned the substantial rural-urban disparities in PA among Chinese residents. However, contrary ndings were reported in several studies from the United States [30,31], South African [32], and India [33]. This inconsistency might be related to different national conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Do Physical Activity-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Play a Role in the Elderly's Mental Health? A Cross-Sectional Study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

Yang¹,

Wei²,

He³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Physical activity (PA)-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KABs) are important content of health management. We conducted this study to (a) describe PA-related KABs of Chinese older adults, and (b) examine the association between PA-related KABs and mental health.Methods: This study used data from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). 4048 residents aged 60 years and older were included as study subjects, assessing their PA-related knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and mental health. Comparison of PA-related KABs in urban and rural areas, as well as in different mental health groups were conducted using chi-square test. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the associations between PA-related KABs and mental health.Results: The proportion for knowing about the benefits of physical activity, knowing about appropriate exercise intensity, and knowing about healthy weight were 76.7%, 44.3%, and 75.4%, respectively. 89.2% of the participants hold positive attitude towards physical activity. 45.0%, 12.1%, and 12.9% of the participants reported preferring walking & Tai Chi, ball games, and body building, respectively. Participants in urban areas had significantly better PA-related KABs than those in rural areas (all p-values < 0.001). Adjusted ORs with 95% CI showed that participants who knew about the benefits of physical activity (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.02-1.38); hold positive attitude towards physical activity (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.08-1.59); and reported preferring walking & Tai Chi (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.23-1.60), ball games (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.17-1.79), body building (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.09-1.63) had significant better mental health.Conclusions: Elderly residents in rural areas experienced significant poorer PA-related KABs than those in urban areas, especially for PA-related behaviors. Better PA-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were associated with higher mental health in Chinese elderly residents.

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Ellisras Longitudinal Study 2017: patterns of physical activity in an urban and rural setting among black South African adults (ELS 23)

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of non-communicable disease risk factors, functional performance, and health-related quality of life in adults: a comparative analysis in low-resourced urban and rural areas of South Africa

Assessment of non-communicable disease risk factors, functional performance, and health-related quality of life in adults: a comparative analysis in low-resourced urban and rural areas of South Africa

The Impact of Physical Activity Levels and Functional Fitness Status on the Quality of Life Perceived by Older Adults Living in Rural and Urban Areas: The Portuguese Inland Case

Do Physical Activity-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Play a Role in the Elderly's Mental Health? A Cross-Sectional Study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

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