ELMO Recruits Actin Cross-linking Family 7 (ACF7) at the Cell Membrane for Microtubule Capture and Stabilization of Cellular Protrusions

Abstract

Background: ELMO and DOCK180 synergize to promote Rac-dependent cell migration. Results: ELMO synergize with a novel interacting protein, ACF7, to promote cytoskeletal changes. Conclusion: ELMO recruits ACF7 at the membrane and impacts on the microtubule network to increase the persistence of membrane protrusion. Significance: ELMO controls protrusion stability by acting at the interface between the actin cytoskeleton and the microtubule network.

Axl Phosphorylates Elmo Scaffold Proteins To Promote Rac Activation and Cell Invasion

“…S1B). Both phosphorylated Elmo1 samples were subjected to proteomics analysis, and 9 phosphorylated tyrosine sites were identified (18,48,216,352, 395, 511, 576, 588, and 720) ( Fig. 2A).…”

Insights into the biological functions of Dock family guanine nucleotide exchange factors

“…Activated GTPases of the Rho and Arf families, Rhog and Arl4a, use Elmo proteins as effectors by binding to the Ras-binding domain (RBD), and this contributes to both relieve Elmo autoinhibition and position the Elmo/Dock1 complex at the membrane for optimal Rac activation (Patel et al 2010(Patel et al , 2011a. Elmo also directly interacts with the microtubule-and actinbinding spectraplakin Macf1 (also known as Acf7) (Margaron et al 2013). Upon integrin (Itg) stimulation, cells expressing Elmo and Macf1 form long and persistent membrane protrusions.…”

ClipR-59 Interacts with Elmo2 and Modulates Myoblast Fusion

“…To date, a number of proteins have been found to interact with Elmo. These include proteins associated with plasma membrane such as brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors 1-3 (6, 7), G␣ i2 (8), G␤␥ (9), Nck-1 (10), ILK2 (11), and also cytosolic proteins such as the DOCK proteins (1,12,13), RhoG (14), Arl4A (15), ACF7 (16), and ERM (17,18). In general, Elmo proteins are recruited to the plasma membrane through interacting proteins for efficient activation of downstream effectors.…”