Elucidating the community health impacts of odours using citizen science and mobile monitoring

Eykelbosh, Angela; Maher, Rochelle; Monticelli, Davi de Ferreyro; Ramkairsingh, Andre; Henderson, Sarah B.; Giang, Amanda; Zimmerman, Naomi

doi:10.5864/d2021-010

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Thus, there is a need for standard questionnaires or other methods to understand odor annoyance and health effects of people living in locations near facilities. One emerging approach is citizen science and mobile monitoring, which has already been applied in North America , and Europe . It is also necessary to create an odor-related setback guideline for this industry, similar to what has been done for swine production systems .…”

Section: Summary Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Cultivation Facilities: A Review of Their Air Quality Impacts from the Occupational to Community Scale

Monticelli

Bhandari

Eykelbosh³

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This review addresses knowledge gaps in cannabis cultivation facility (CCF) air emissions by synthesizing the peer-reviewed and gray literature. Focus areas include compounds emitted, air quality indoors and outdoors, odor assessment, and the potential health effects of emitted compounds. Studies suggest that β-myrcene is a tracer candidate for CCF biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Furthermore, β-myrcene, d-limonene, terpinolene, and α-pinene are often reported in air samples collected in and around CCF facilities. The BVOC emission strength per dry weight of plant is higher than most conventional agriculture crops. Nevertheless, reported total CCF BVOC emissions are lower compared with VOCs from other industries. Common descriptors of odors coming from CCFs include “skunky”, “herbal”, and “pungent”. However, there are few peer-reviewed studies addressing the odor impacts of CCFs outdoors. Atmospheric modeling has been limited to back trajectory models of tracers and ozone impact assessment. Health effects of CCFs are mostly related to odor annoyance or occupational hazards. We identify 16 opportunities for future studies, including an emissions database by strain and stage of life (growing cycle) and odor-related setback guidelines. Exploration and implementation of key suggestions presented in this work may help regulators and the industry reduce the environmental footprint of CCF facilities.

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Section: Summary Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Cultivation Facilities: A Review of Their Air Quality Impacts from the Occupational to Community Scale

Monticelli

Bhandari

Eykelbosh³

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…[73][74][75][76] The categories for symptoms and actions were refined based on a review of the public health literature on odor. 28 Odors and causes were categorised based on local knowledge of important odors and odor sources in the region. 52,77 A detailed list of the categories and the related descriptors is available in the supplement (Table S6).…”

Section: Osac Open Text Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 Odors can curtail healthy behaviors, and odor annoyance is linked to stress, poor mental health, and well-being, including strong associations with neurological, respiratory, and gastrointestinal symptoms. 28 Odorous compounds have been associated with causing toxic cancer and non-cancer health effects as well, especially in the neighborhood of polluting sources. 28 Further, these compounds do not affect health in isolation but co-exposures to multiple such compounds in chemical mixtures, as is often the case with emissions from polluting facilities, can result in enhanced toxic-ity, which requires more study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 Odorous compounds have been associated with causing toxic cancer and non-cancer health effects as well, especially in the neighborhood of polluting sources. 28 Further, these compounds do not affect health in isolation but co-exposures to multiple such compounds in chemical mixtures, as is often the case with emissions from polluting facilities, can result in enhanced toxic-ity, which requires more study. 29 Thus, instead of individual chemical measurements, odors could serve as air pollution markers for cumulative exposures; addressing cumulative and not single exposures has been identified as an important component of addressing environmental injustice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,31 While studies have linked odorous compounds to air quality and health impacts, further work is needed to establish strong associations, particularly with regards to the mediation of odor. 18,26,28,29,32 Challenges associated with odor monitoring highlight some of the spatial and temporal limits of traditional regulatory monitoring. Regulatory monitors are stationary, and often have a time resolution of operation of 15 min-1 hour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Odor, Air Quality, and Well-Being: Understanding the Urban Smellscape Using Crowd-sourced Science, Monitoring, and Modeling

Bhandari

Monticelli

Ramkairsingh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Odor exposure can adversely impact health and quality of life. It is challenging to study odors and their effects due to variability in individual sensitivity and perception, atmospheric physico-chemical processes, and emissions of mixtures of odorous contaminants. Here, we conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses of a 12-month data set from a web application collecting crowd-sourced odor reports, including spatiotemporal information, odor and self-reported impacts description (OSAC: odors, symptoms, actions in response, and potential causes), and demographics, in Vancouver, Canada. Spatiotemporal patterns highlight the influence of persistent sources (e.g., waste management) and transient events (e.g., accidents). Multiple linear regression models suggest that meteorological ventilation and air pollutants account for 60% of the variance in daily odor report counts. Users report diverse OSAC with strong seasonality and spatial variability. Reported symptoms, ranging from neurological to emotion-and mood-related, highlight the complexity of odor-related well-being impacts. Odors can trigger maladaptive behavior, where individuals are exposed to other environmental stressors (e.g., heat stress) or engage in risky behaviors to avoid or cope with odor impacts. Results from this project provide evidence that human-centered approaches can enrich understanding of the impacts of odorous emissions on health and well-being.

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Overestimation of mitigation leads to underestimation of residual impacts

Enríquez-de-Salamanca

2024

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

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Elucidating the community health impacts of odours using citizen science and mobile monitoring

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Cannabis Cultivation Facilities: A Review of Their Air Quality Impacts from the Occupational to Community Scale

Cannabis Cultivation Facilities: A Review of Their Air Quality Impacts from the Occupational to Community Scale

Odor, Air Quality, and Well-Being: Understanding the Urban Smellscape Using Crowd-sourced Science, Monitoring, and Modeling

Overestimation of mitigation leads to underestimation of residual impacts

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