Elucidating the interaction of carbon, nitrogen, and temperature on the biosynthesis of Aureobasidium pullulans antifungal volatiles

Abstract

The combined biochemical impact of carbon, nitrogen and temperature on the biosynthesis of the antifungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs): ethanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2phenylethanol produced by Aureobasidium pullulans A1 and A3 was investigated using a Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM). Normalized peak areas derived from solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) analysis, indicated that initial carbon content had a significant influence on the biosynthesis of ethanol and alcohols with greater than three carbon atoms. This result suggests a dominant activity of the A. pullulans anabolic pathway to biosynthesize three higher alcohols via de novo biosynthesis of amino acids from sugar metabolism. Low concentrations of carbon (3-13 g l −1 ) with nitrogen as both ammonium and amino acids in the growth medium resulted in a higher number of significant linear and quadratic relationships. Nitrogen availability and growth temperature had significant negative linear and quadratic correlations with VOCs biosynthesis in most instances. Isolate-dependant metabolic response was evident for all abiotic parameters tested on alcohol production. The findings of this study offer new perspectives to improve the production of key antifungal compounds by antagonists in biological control systems.

Exploration of key genes and pathways in response to submergence stress in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) by WGCNA

“…Carbon metabolism plays a decisive role in biological growth and amino acid biosynthesis [41,42] . Iwmer [43] found that during induced and targeted metabolic modi cations in plants, cellular equilibrium is disrupted, carbon metabolism is inhibited, leading to excess carbon sources, and cells synthesize amino acids in large quantities or initiate other non-related metabolic pathways, resulting in metabolic ine ciencies Yalage et al [44] investigated the combined effect of carbon concentration and incubation temperature on the biosynthesis of VOCs was investigated using a Box-Behnken experimental design. In this study, the carbon metabolism pathway was signi cantly enriched in the cyan module based on KEGG enrichment analysis.…”

Identification and Characterization of an Antifungal Gene Mt1 from Bacillus subtilis by Affecting Amino Acid Metabolism in Fusarium graminearum

“…Although fungi can obtain amino acids from a range of sources, including exogenous amino acids in their environment, degradation of endogenous proteins, and de novo biosynthesis, the specific mechanisms utilized by fungi to acquire amino acids and the role of amino acid metabolism in nutrient acquisition are intricate and not yet fully understood. In general, amino acid metabolism in fungi is intimately linked to other metabolic pathways, such as nitrogen metabolism and carbon metabolism [36,37]. The mechanisms used by a given fungus to obtain amino acids depend on its ecological niche, nutrient availability, and metabolic capabilities.…”