Elucidating the natural–synthetic mismatch of Pb2+Te4+O3: The redefinition of fairbankite to Pb122+(Te4+O3)11(SO4)

Missen, Owen P.; Rumsey, Michael S.; Mills, Stuart J.; Weil, Mat­thias; Najorka, Jens; Spratt, John; Kolitsch, Uwe

doi:10.2138/am-2020-7536

American Mineralogist

2021

DOI: 10.2138/am-2020-7536

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Elucidating the natural–synthetic mismatch of Pb2+Te4+O3: The redefinition of fairbankite to Pb122+(Te4+O3)11(SO4)

Owen P. Missen

Michael S. Rumsey

Stuart J. Mills

et al.

Abstract: For four decades fairbankite was reported to have the formula Pb 2+ (Te 4+ O 3), but repeated attempts to isolate fairbankite crystals for structural determination found only the visually similar cerussite and, more rarely, anglesite. The crystal-structure determination of fairbankite using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, supported by electron microprobe analysis and X-ray powder diffraction on the type specimen, has shown that fairbankite contains essential S, along with Pb, Te, and O. The chemical formula … Show more

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Tombstoneite, a new mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA, with a pinwheel-like Te⁶⁺O₃(Te⁴⁺O₃)₃ cluster

Kampf

Mills²,

Housley³

et al. 2022

MinMag

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The new mineral tombstoneite (IMA2021-053), (Ca 0.5 Pb 0.5 )Pb 3 Cu 2+ 6 Te 6+ 2 O 6 (Te 4+ O 3 ) 6 (Se 4+ O 3 ) 2 (SO 4 ) 2 •3H 2 O, occurs at the Grand Central mine in the Tombstone district, Cochise County, Arizona, USA, in cavities in quartz matrix in association with jarosite and rodalquilarite. Tombstoneite crystals are green pseudohexagonal tablets, up to 100 μm across and 20 μm thick. The mineral has a pale green streak and adamantine lustre. It is brittle with irregular fracture and a Mohs hardness of about 2½. It has one perfect cleavage on {001}. The calculated density is 5.680 g cm -3 . Optically, the mineral https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2022.98 Published online by Cambridge University Press 2 is uniaxial (-) and exhibits pleochroism: O green, E light yellow green; O > E. The Raman spectrum exhibits bands consistent with Te 6+ O 6 , Te 4+ O 3 and Se 4+ O 3 and SO 4 . Electron microprobe analysis provided the empirical formula (Ca 0.51 Pb 0.49 ) Σ1.00 Pb 3.00 Cu 2+ 5.85 Te 6+ 2.00 O 6 (Te 4+ 1.00 O 3 ) 6 (Se 4+ 0.69 Te 4+ 0.24 S 0.07 O 3 ) 2 (S 1.00 O 4 ) 2 •3H 2 O.Tombstoneite is trigonal, P321, a = 9.1377(9), c = 12.2797(9) Å, V = 887.96(18) Å 3 and Z = 1. The structure of tombstoneite (R 1 = 0.0432 for 1205 I > 2I) contains thick heteropolyhedral layers comprising Te 6+ O 6 octahedra, Jahn-Teller distorted Cu 2+ O 5 pyramids, Te 4+ O 3 pyramids and Se 4+ O 3 pyramids. Pb 2+ cations without stereoactive 6s 2 lone-pair electrons are hosted in pockets in the heteropolyhedral layer. Pb 2+ cations possibly with stereoactive 6s 2 lone-pair electrons are located in the interlayer region along with SO 4 tetrahedra and H 2 O groups. Within the heteropolyhedral layer, the Te 6+ O 6 octahedra and the Te 4+ O 3 pyramids form finite Te 6+ O 3 (Te 4+ O 3 ) 3 clusters with a pinwheel-like configuration.This is the first known finite complex including both Te 4+ and Te 6+ polyhedra in any natural or synthetic tellurium oxysalt structure.

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Tombstoneite, a new mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA, with a pinwheel-like Te⁶⁺O₃(Te⁴⁺O₃)₃ cluster

Kampf

Mills²,

Housley³

et al. 2022

MinMag

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Matthiasweilite, PbTe4+O3, a New Tellurite Mineral from the Delamar Mine, Lincoln County, Nevada, USA

Kampf

Missen

Mills

et al. 2022

The Canadian Mineralogist

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Matthiasweilite (IMA2021-069), Pb2+Te4+O3, is a new mineral discovered at the Delamar mine, Lincoln County, Nevada, USA. It is a secondary mineral, associated with adanite, choloalite, northstarite, and other oxysalts in a quartz-rich matrix, that developed in an altered primary ore along with altaite, tetrahedrite-(Zn), native gold, and other sulfides and selenides. The mineral occurs as tightly intergrown masses of light yellow crystals. The streak is white, luster is adamantine, Mohs hardness is 2½, tenacity is brittle, and fracture is conchoidal; no obvious cleavage is present. The calculated density is 7.282 g/cm3 for the empirical formula. Data from electron probe microanalysis and assuming O = 3 gives the empirical formula Pb0.99Te4+1.01O3. Matthiasweilite is triclinic, space group P, with cell parameters a = 7.0256(4), b = 10.6345(6), c = 11.9965(8) Å, α = 78.513(6), β = 83.104(6), γ = 84.083(6)°, V = 869.10(9) Å3, and Z = 10. The crystal structure (R1 = 0.0523 for 3416 I > 2σI reflections) consists of Te4+O3 trigonal pyramids that are linked via relatively short (<2.6 Å) Pb–O bonds to form a framework.

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Elucidating the natural–synthetic mismatch of Pb2+Te4+O3: The redefinition of fairbankite to Pb122+(Te4+O3)11(SO4)

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Tombstoneite, a new mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA, with a pinwheel-like Te⁶⁺O₃(Te⁴⁺O₃)₃ cluster

Tombstoneite, a new mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA, with a pinwheel-like Te⁶⁺O₃(Te⁴⁺O₃)₃ cluster

Matthiasweilite, PbTe4+O3, a New Tellurite Mineral from the Delamar Mine, Lincoln County, Nevada, USA

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Elucidating the natural–synthetic mismatch of Pb2+Te4+O3: The redefinition of fairbankite to Pb122+(Te4+O3)11(SO4)

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Tombstoneite, a new mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA, with a pinwheel-like Te6+O3(Te4+O3)3 cluster

Tombstoneite, a new mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA, with a pinwheel-like Te6+O3(Te4+O3)3 cluster

Matthiasweilite, PbTe4+O3, a New Tellurite Mineral from the Delamar Mine, Lincoln County, Nevada, USA

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Tombstoneite, a new mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA, with a pinwheel-like Te⁶⁺O₃(Te⁴⁺O₃)₃ cluster

Tombstoneite, a new mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA, with a pinwheel-like Te⁶⁺O₃(Te⁴⁺O₃)₃ cluster