Elucidation of the more myopic eye in anisometropia: the interplay of laterality, ocular dominance, and anisometropic magnitude

Jiang, Siyu; Chen, Zheyi; Bai, Hua; Xia, Ruijing; Shen, Ting; Zhou, Lin; Jiang, Jun; Zhang, Bin; Liu, Fan

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45996-1

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…reported that the nondominant eye is more myopic in the anisometropia patients with interocular SE differences greater than 2.5 D. Wang et al [ 27 ] identified the nondominant eye had a tendency of higher refraction when SE anisometropia larger than 1.75 D in adults. However, the results on which eye is more myopic are conflicting, possibly due to the discrepancies in subject ethnicity, age, magnitude of anisometropia and different methods for measuring ocular dominance [ 8 , 13 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing myopic error in patients with basic and convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia in China

et al. 2023

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Purpose To compare the degree of myopia between the dominant and non-dominant eyes in teenagers with intermittent exotropia (IXT) in China. Methods A total of 199 IXT patients with myopia were included in this retrospective study and were divided into two groups according to the difference between near and distance exodeviation: basic IXT and convergence insufficiency (CI) IXT. Refractive errors were analyzed by spherical equivalent (SE) values. Patients were further stratified into anisometropia group and non-anisometropia group based on binocular SE values difference greater than 1.0D or not. Results There were 127 patients in the CI IXT group, with a near deviation of 46.94 ± 20.53 prism diopters (PD) and a distance deviation of 28.36 ± 14.34 PD, and there were 72 (36.2%) patients in the basic IXT group, with a near deviation of 37.68 ± 22.21 PD and a distance deviation angle of 33.21 ± 23.96 PD. The near exodeviation was significantly larger in the CI group than in the basic IXT group(P < 0.001). In the CI IXT group, the mean SE was − 2.09 ± 1.45 diopters (D) in the dominant eye and − 2.53 ± 1.44D in the non-dominant eye, while in the basic IXT group, the mean SE was − 2.46 ± 1.56D in the dominant eye and − 2.89 ± 1.37D in the non-dominant eye. The anisometropia group included 43 patients, while non-anisometropia group included 156 patients. The near and distance exodeviation in the anisometropia group were 45.26 ± 24.41 PD and 33.53 ± 23.31 PD, respectively, and those in the non-anisometropia group were 43.42 ± 20.69 PD and 29.07 ± 16.84 PD, respectively. There were no significant differences in near and distance deviation (P = 0.78 and P = 0.73 respectively) between the two groups. The SE of the dominant eye was less myopic than of the non-dominant eyes in both the CI and anisometropia groups (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Our study revealed that convergence insufficiency IXT is more common than the basic type in pediatric myopic population and is characterized by higher inter-eye differences of myopia. The dominant eye was found to be less myopic in IXT patients, particularly in those with convergence insufficiency and anisometropia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing myopic error in patients with basic and convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia in China

et al. 2023

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“…The aniso-axial length can lead to anisometropia and challenge the choice of IOL power. The AL of the right eyes was significantly longer than the left ones, probably because of dextromanuality and right dominance of eyes [31]. However, further studies are warranted to test this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Axial Length in Young Patients with Marfan Syndrome and Bilateral Ectopia Lentis by Z-Scores

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Ophthalmic Res

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Introduction: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is characterized by ectopia lentis (EL) and elongated axial length (AL). The characteristics of AL in young patients with MFS and bilateral EL before the lens surgery are not fully understood. Methods: This study reviewed MFS patients under 20 years old with bilateral EL from January 2015 to October 2020. The Z-scores were introduced in terms of the number of standard deviations from the mean of age-matched normative data. Using Z-scores, the distribution of AL and influence factors were evaluated. The correlations between AL and other biometrics were analyzed. Results: We reviewed 183 patients and enrolled both eyes. The mean age was 8.44 ± 4.69 years. About 36% of the patients were children under 6 years old. The median AL increased from 23.16 mm under 5 years old to 26.20 mm in the 16–20 age group, and when plotted, the trend presented a logarithmic curvature (R2 = 0.145, p < 0.001). The median Z-AL score was 1.24. One-third of eyes had Z-score <0. About 20% of the patients had AL difference over 1 mm between the right and left eyes, and the right one had longer Z-AL scores (p = 0.013). The eye complicated with megalocornea (10, 7.04%) had larger Z-AL scores (4.72 ± 3.51 vs. 1.10 ± 2.25, p = 0.002). A positive correlation was found between Z-AL and Z-corneal curvature radius (r = 0.265, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Young patients with bilateral EL but small AL should not be excluded from MFS without systematic examination. The age-adjusted Z-score will facilitate further study of the individual variations in AL across different ages.

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“…Many studies support the proposition that the dominant eye is the more myopic in patients with myopic anisometropia [ 26 – 29 ]. The dextromanuality might contribute to the greater proportion of myopic right eyes and right dominance of eyes [ 30 ]. So, it is reasonable to find the right eyes as the longer ones in aniso-axial length individuals with the dextromanuality of Chinese.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eyes of Aniso-Axial Length Individuals Share Generally Similar Corneal Biometrics with Normal Eyes in Cataract Population

Zhang

Chen

Deng

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aims. To determine the characteristics of corneal biometrics in eyes from aniso-axial length cataract patients compared with eyes from non-aniso-axial length individuals. Methods. This is a retrospective case series. Cataract patients with preoperative binocular measurements were recruited. A binocular axial difference of ≥1 mm was considered to indicate aniso-axial length. The anterior segmental biometrics were measured using Pentacam HR (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) and IOLMaster 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). Comparisons of biometrics were made among 4 eye conditions: the longer eyes from aniso-axial length patients, the shorter eyes from aniso-axial length patients, the longer eyes from non-aniso-axial length patients, and the shorter eyes from non-aniso-axial length patients. The aniso-axial length eyes were also stratified into 8 subgroups with axial length (AL) increments of 1 mm, and the biometrics of the subgroups were compared. Results. There was smaller anterior corneal astigmatism in the shorter aniso-axial length group than those in the longer aniso-axial length group (1.01 ± 0.70 D vs 1.12 ± 0.76 D, P = 0.031 ). The longer aniso-axial length eyes had greater anterior corneal steep curvature (44.13 ± 1.69 D vs 43.87 ± 1.69 D, P = 0.009 ) and anterior corneal astigmatism (1.12 ± 0.76 D vs 1.02 ± 0.69 D, P = 0.023 ) compared with longer non-aniso-axial length subjects. Other corneal biometrics were similar between the aniso-axial length eyes and the non-aniso-axial length eyes. In the longer aniso-axial length group, the posterior corneal aberrations of eyes in the ≥5 mm subgroups were greater than those in the <5 mm subgroups (0.879 ± 0.183 μm vs 0.768 ± 0.178 μm for total aberrations, P < 0.001 ; 0.228 ± 0.086 μm vs 0.196 ± 0.043 μm for high-order aberrations, P = 0.036 ; 0.847 ± 0.173 μm vs 0.741 ± 0.179 μm for low-order aberrations, P = 0.001 ). Conclusion. Eyes of aniso-axial length individuals share generally similar corneal biometrics with normal eyes in cataract population. Anterior corneal astigmatism of the longer eyes from the aniso-axial length cataract patients was higher than that of the longer eyes from the non-aniso-axial length individuals. Total posterior corneal aberrations of the longer aniso-axial length eyes increased when the binocular axial difference was over 5 mm.

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Elucidation of the more myopic eye in anisometropia: the interplay of laterality, ocular dominance, and anisometropic magnitude

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Comparing myopic error in patients with basic and convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia in China

Comparing myopic error in patients with basic and convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia in China

Analysis of Axial Length in Young Patients with Marfan Syndrome and Bilateral Ectopia Lentis by Z-Scores

Eyes of Aniso-Axial Length Individuals Share Generally Similar Corneal Biometrics with Normal Eyes in Cataract Population

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