Elucidation of the role of ZnO in sulfur cure in novel EPDM-CTS blends

Butuc, Steluta Gina; Leerdam, Kees van; Rossenaar, Brenda D.; Swart, Jose; Geurts, F. J. M.; Bossinga-Geurts, Bianca; Verwer, P.; Talma, Auke; Blume, Anke

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2022.107843

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Activators have been defined as substances that enhance the effectiveness of accelerators during sulfur vulcanization. At high temperatures, ZnO reacts with SA to form rubber-soluble zinc stearate and then facilitates the cross-linking reaction [ 25 , 26 ]. Jayewardhana et al [ 11 ] reported that SO could be used as a processing aid and a co-activator in rubber compounding instead of petroleum-based aromatic oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Property Improvements of Silica-Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber/Butadiene Rubber Blend Incorporated with Fatty-Acid-Containing Palm Oil

Boonrasri,

Thipchai,

Sae-Oui

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Using vegetable oils as a plasticizer or processing aid in green rubber products is becoming popular due to environmental concerns. However, differences in vegetable oil processing result in varying amounts of low-molecular-weight (low-MW) free fatty acids (FFAs) in their composition, which range from 2% to 30%. This research investigated how the properties of silica-filled styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and butadiene rubber (BR) blends were affected by the presence of FFAs in palm oil (PO). The rubber compounds containing a 70/30 SBR/BR blend, 30 phr of silica, and 2 phr of bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT), and the vulcanizing agents were prepared and tested. The PO content was kept constant at 20 phr, while the number of FFAs, i.e., lauric acid (LA), palmitic acid (PA), and oleic acid (OA), in PO varied from 10–30%. The viscosity, dynamic mechanical properties, morphology, cure characteristics, and mechanical properties of the rubber blend were then measured. Regardless of the FFA types, increasing FFA content in PO decreased scorch time, cure time, minimum torque, and viscosity. As the FFA content increased, the torque difference and crosslink density also increased, which led to higher hardness, modulus, tensile strength, and abrasion resistance. The FFA types had a slight effect on the vulcanizate properties, even though LA showed slightly better mechanical properties than PA and OA. The results reveal that FFAs in PO not only improve processability but also function as a co-activator in silica-filled sulfur-vulcanized SBR/BR blend compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Property Improvements of Silica-Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber/Butadiene Rubber Blend Incorporated with Fatty-Acid-Containing Palm Oil

Boonrasri,

Thipchai,

Sae-Oui

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…However, its tensile strength is rather low. EPDM can also be effectively cured with the peroxide and sulfur vulcanization systems [ 8 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Sulfur and Peroxide Vulcanization of Filled and Unfilled EPDM-Based Rubber Compounds

et al. 2023

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The sulfur curing system, peroxide curing system and their combinations were applied for the cross-linking of unfilled and carbon black-filled rubber formulations based on ethylene-propylenediene-monomer rubber. The results demonstrated that the type of curing system influenced the course and shape of curing isotherms. This resulted in the change of curing kinetics of rubber compounds. The cross-link density of materials cured with combined vulcanization systems was lower than that for vulcanizates cured with the peroxide or sulfur system. Good correlation between the cross-link density as well as the structure of the formed cross-links and physical–mechanical characteristics of the cured materials was established. Both filled and unfilled vulcanizates cured with combined vulcanization systems exhibited a higher tensile strength and elongation at break when compared to their equivalents vulcanized in the presence of the peroxide or sulfur curing system. It can be stated that by proper combination of vulcanization systems, it is possible to modify the tensile behavior of vulcanizates in a targeted manner. On the other side, dynamical–mechanical properties were found not be significantly influenced by the curing system composition.

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Effect of Crosslinkers on Properties

2024

Handbook of Curatives and Crosslinkers

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Elucidation of the role of ZnO in sulfur cure in novel EPDM-CTS blends

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Property Improvements of Silica-Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber/Butadiene Rubber Blend Incorporated with Fatty-Acid-Containing Palm Oil

Property Improvements of Silica-Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber/Butadiene Rubber Blend Incorporated with Fatty-Acid-Containing Palm Oil

Combined Sulfur and Peroxide Vulcanization of Filled and Unfilled EPDM-Based Rubber Compounds

Effect of Crosslinkers on Properties

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