Embedded FSS sensing for structural health monitoring of bridge columns

Pieper, Dustin F.; Donnell, Kristen M.; Abdelkarim, Omar I.; ElGawady, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1109/i2mtc.2016.7520475

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…temperature sensitive dielectric) or a unit cell element that is sensitive to the sensing parameter (e.g. a cross loop whose resonance characteristics are sensitive to strain) are used [224–226]. These two sensing methods can also be combined to create an FSS that is capable of sensing multiple parameters simultaneously, which is especially useful in cases where one needs to understand the effect of one parameter on another like is the case with strain and temperature [227].…”

Section: Sensors and Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of advances in microwave and millimetre-wave NDT&E: principles and applications

Brinker

Dvorsky

Ghasr

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Microwave and millimetre-wave non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) has a long history dating back to the late 1950s (Bahr 1982 Microwave non-destructive testing methods ; Zoughi 2000 Microwave Non-destructive testing and evaluation principles ; Feinstein 1967 Surface crack detection by microwave methods ; Ash 1973 In 3rd European Microwave Conference ; Auld 1981 Phys. Technol. 12 , 149–154; Case 2017 Mater. Eval. 75 ). However, sustained activities in this field date back to the early 1980s (Zoughi 1995 Res. Nondestr. Eval. 7 , 71–74; Zoughi 2018 Mater. Eval. 76 , 1051–1057; Kharkovsky 2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 10 , 26–38). Owing to various limitations associated with using microwaves and millimetre waves for NDT&E, these techniques did not see much utility in the early days. However, with the advent and prevalence of composite materials and structures, in a wide range of applications, and technological advances in high-frequency component design and availability, these techniques are no longer considered as ‘emerging techniques’ (Zoughi 2018 Mater. Eval. 76 , 1051–1057; Schull 2002 Nondestructive evaluation: theory, techniques, and applications ). Currently, microwave and millimetre-wave NDT&E is a rapidly growing field and has been more widely acknowledged and accepted by practitioners over the last 25+ years (Case 2017 Mater. Eval. 75 ; Bakhtiari 1994 IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech . 42 , 389–395; Bakhtiari 1993 Mater. Eval. 51 , 740–743; Bakhtiari 1993 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 42 , 19–24; Ganchev 1995 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 44 , 326–328; Bois 1999 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 48 , 1131–1140; Ghasr 2009 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 58 , 1505–1513). Microwave non-destructive testing was recently recognized and designated by the American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) as a ‘Method’ on its own (Case 2017 Mater. Eval. 75 ). These techniques are well suited for materials characterization; layered composite inspection for thickness, disbond, delamination and corrosion under coatings; surface-breaking crack detection and evaluation; and cure-state monitoring in concrete and resin-rich composites, to name a few. This work reviews recent advances in four major areas of microwave and millimetre-wave NDT&E, namely materials characterization, surface crack detection, imaging and sensors. The techniques, principles and some of the applications in each of these areas are discussed. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation and smart monitoring’.

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Section: Sensors and Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of advances in microwave and millimetre-wave NDT&E: principles and applications

Brinker

Dvorsky

Ghasr

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More recently, frequency selective surfaces have been used to measure the electrical permittivity of materials (Costa et al., 2011; C. K. Lee et al., 2020). Another application that has been growing is in civil engineering area, where FSS is used to detect internal failures/ruptures in concrete structures, such as bridge pillars (Pieper et al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of Technique for Analysis of Complementary Frequency Selective Surfaces

da Silva,

Campos,

Sousa

et al. 2023

Radio Science

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A specific class of frequency selective surface (FSS) is the complementary frequency selective surface (CFSS) that has interesting characteristics such as high angular stability, multiple transmission and/or reflection bands, and the possibility of miniaturization. The analysis and design of this sort of structure are commonly performed using commercial software, which demands a high computational effort, impacting a longer optimization time. The equivalent circuit model combined with a cascading technique emerges as an alternative method to the use of these softwares, in the optimization of the physical dimensions of these structures, as they model the behavior of a CFSS with low computational effort and optimization time, in addition to being able to be implemented in various programming languages. Thus, this work proposes a CFSS analysis technique that combines the equivalent circuit method with the ABCD matrix. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported research on approximate techniques for CFSS analysis. The chosen geometry was the circular ring, due to high angular stability and polarization independence. The modeling of the equivalent circuit for patch and aperture geometries is presented. Some structures are simulated, and the results are compared with results obtained with the HFSS software. Finally, two prototypes are built to validate the analyses performed.

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“…RF shielding [9], beam switching and steering [10] [11]. FSS and meta-materials have been proposed for applications in strain [12], remote [13], chemical liquid [14], thin film [15], CO2 [16], bridge columns structural health monitoring [17] Biochemical [18] and corrosion [19] sensing. Displacement can be detected using a variety of sensors, the most common being based on resistive, capacitive, inductive, ultrasonic [20] and optical principles [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Frequency Selective Surface Displacement Sensor Using Complementary Dielectrics

et al. 2023

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A novel displacement sensor using a frequency selective surface (FSS) with a removable substrate complement is proposed. The new concept sensor is based on modifying the effective permittivity of the FSS when the substrate complement is gradually withdrawn. The change in the effective permittivity produces a change in capacitance, and thus in the resonant frequency. The FSS consists of an array of square loops elements in a square lattice. A 3D convoluted version of the FSS sensor improves the angle of incident behavior and increases the displacement range. The dielectric layers of the 3D FSS sensor were 3D printed while the metal layers were painted using silver conductive paint. The transmission response, S21, has been employed as the validation parameter. The proposed sensor operates in a frequency range between 2.0 GHz and 2.8 GHz and has achieved a 0.052 GHz/mm sensitivity and 12 mm dynamic range and has a dimension of 207mm by 207mm. The sensor is passive, compact, inexpensive, and easy to operate. The envisaged application is the wireless detection of structural movement, which can be critical in civil structures such as bridges or buildings or earthquake monitoring.

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Embedded FSS sensing for structural health monitoring of bridge columns

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Review of advances in microwave and millimetre-wave NDT&E: principles and applications

Review of advances in microwave and millimetre-wave NDT&E: principles and applications

Proposal of Technique for Analysis of Complementary Frequency Selective Surfaces

Three-Dimensional Frequency Selective Surface Displacement Sensor Using Complementary Dielectrics

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