Embedded performance validity tests within the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test – Revised and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test – Revised

Sawyer, John R.; Testa, S. Marc; Dux, Moira C.

doi:10.1080/13854046.2016.1245787

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The battery consisted of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc., Lutz, FL), Trail Making Test Form B (Reitan Neuropsychological Laboratory, Tucson, AZ), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (Western Psychological Services, Los Angeles, CA), and the Stroop Test (Stoelting Company, Wood Dale, IL). Hopkins Verbal Learning Test was used to measure verbal learning and memory [24]. Brief Visuospatial Memory Test was used to assess visuospatial memory [25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of 24-Hour Neurosurgical Call on Fine Motor Dexterity, Cognition, and Mood

Rogers

Saway

Büsch

et al. 2019

Cureus

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Background: Concerns regarding the effects of fatigue on physician performance and quality of life lead to the implementation of duty hour restrictions for residents by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). These restrictions have been met by strong criticism from the neurosurgical community. This is partly due to a lack of objective evidence that fatigue results in decrements in professional function in neurological surgeons. There is also concern that the restrictions have diminished clinical and operative experience as well as the development of professional responsibility in residency.Objective: To evaluate whether 24-hour neurosurgical call has an objective impact on fine motor dexterity, cognitive thinking skills, and mental well-being.Methods: Subjects were tested before and after taking 24 hours of neurosurgical call. We evaluated fine motor dexterity using the Vienna Test System Motor Performance Series, cognitive thinking abilities using a battery of paper-pencil neuropsychological tests, and mental well-being using the Profile of Mood States. Results: A total of 27 subjects were included in this study, 12 seasoned to neurosurgical call and 15 naive to neurosurgical call. The seasoned subjects demonstrated no statistically significant change in performance after call on any of the tests for fine motor dexterity or cognitive thinking abilities. The nonseasoned subjects demonstrated multiple decrements in fine motor dexterity and cognitive thinking abilities after taking call. In the Motor Performance Series, they had a statistically significant decrease in the speed of untargeted movements in the nondominant hand during the tapping test (p = 0.002), and a decline in the precision of fine motor movements and information processing as evidenced by an increase in the number of errors of the dominant hand in the line tracking test (p = 0.014). There was a statistically significant decline in their immediate memory during Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (p = 0.025), and complex attention, mental flexibility, and visual-motor speed in the Trail Making Test (p = 0.03). The Profile of Mood States found no difference in feelings of anger (p = 0.54), tension (p = 0.358), or depression (p = 0.65). There were increased feelings of confusion (p < 0.001) and decreased feelings of vigor (p < 0.001) and friendliness (p = 0.001). Nonseasoned subjects had an increase in total mood disturbance (p = 0.012) but seasoned subjects did not (p = 0.083). Conclusion: Our results suggest that fatigue-induced decrements in professional function can be ameliorated by experience with prolonged duty hours. In contrast to nonseasoned subjects, those who were conditioned to 24-hour neurosurgical call demonstrated resilience in fine motor dexterity and cognitive thinking skills, and exhibited no change in total mood disturbance. An argument can be made that we are turning the neurosurgical training paradigm upside down with the current ACGME duty hour restrictions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of 24-Hour Neurosurgical Call on Fine Motor Dexterity, Cognition, and Mood

Rogers

Saway

Büsch

et al. 2019

Cureus

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“…The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test is a measure of verbal learning, immediate memory, and delayed memory [3, 4]. Subjects were read a list of twelve words consisting of four words from three semantic categories.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Brief Visuospatial Memory Test is a measure of visuospatial memory [3, 5, 6]. It consists of a page of six simple figures arranged in two columns and three rows.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The battery consisted of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc., Lutz, Florida), Trail Making Test Form B (Reitan Neuropsychological Laboratory, Tucson, Arizona), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (Western Psychological Services, Los Angeles, California), and the Stroop Test (Stoelting Company, Wood Dale, Illinois). Hopkins Verbal Learning Test was used to measure verbal learning and memory [3, 4]. Brief Visuospatial Memory Test was used to assess visuospatial memory [3, 5, 6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hopkins Verbal Learning Test was used to measure verbal learning and memory [3, 4]. Brief Visuospatial Memory Test was used to assess visuospatial memory [3, 5, 6]. Trail Making Test was utilized to evaluate the speed of processing, mental flexibility, and executive function [7, 8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Various OR Noise on Fine Motor Skills, Cognition, and Mood

Rogers

Palmerton

Saway

et al. 2019

Surgery Research and Practice

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Background. The amalgam of noises inherent to the modern-day operating room has the potential of diluting surgeon concentration, which could affect surgeon performance and mood and have implications on quality of care and surgeon resilience. Objective. Evaluate the impact of operating room environmental noises on surgeon performance including fine motor dexterity, cognition, and mood. Methods. 37 subjects were tested under three different environmental noise conditions including silence, a prerecorded soundtrack of a loud bustling operating room, and with background music of their choosing. We used the Motor Performance Series to test motor dexterity, neuropsychological tests to evaluate cognitive thinking, and Profile of Mood States to test mental well-being. Results. Our results showed that typical operating room noise had no impact on motor dexterity but music improved the speed and precision of movements and information processing skills. Neurocognitive testing showed a significant decrement from operating room noise on verbal learning and delayed memory, whereas music improved complex attention and mental flexibility. The Profile of Mood States found that music resulted in a significant decrease in feelings of anger, confusion, fatigue, and tension along with decreased total mood disturbance, which is a measure of psychological distress. Loud operating room noise had a negative impact on feelings of vigor but no increase in total mood disturbance. Conclusion. Our results suggest that loud and unnecessary environmental noises can be distracting to a surgeon, so every effort should be taken to minimize these. Music of the surgeons’ choosing does not negatively affect fine motor dexterity or cognition and has an overall positive impact on mood and can therefore be safely practiced if desired.

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From “below chance” to “a single error is one too many”: Evaluating various thresholds for invalid performance on two forced choice recognition tests

Erdődi

2023

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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This study was designed to empirically evaluate the classification accuracy of various definitions of invalid performance in two forced-choice recognition performance validity tests (PVTs; FCR CVLT-II and Test of Memory Malingering [TOMM-2]). The proportion of at and below chance level responding defined by the binomial theory and making any errors was computed across two mixed clinical samples from the United States and Canada (N = 470) and two sets of criterion PVTs. There was virtually no overlap between the binomial and empirical distributions. Over 95% of patients who passed all PVTs obtained a perfect score. At chance level responding was limited to patients who failed ≥2 PVTs (91% of them failed 3 PVTs). No one scored below chance level on FCR CVLT-II or TOMM-2. All 40 patients with dementia scored above chance. Although at or below chance level performance provides very strong evidence of non-credible responding, scores above chance level have no negative predictive value. Even at chance level scores on PVTs provide compelling evidence for non-credible presentation.A single error on the FCR CVLT-II or TOMM-2 is highly specific (0.95) to psychometrically defined invalid performance.Defining non-credible responding as below chance level

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Embedded performance validity tests within the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test – Revised and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test – Revised

Abstract: When used in conjunction with other PVTs, these new embedded PVTs may be effective in the detection of invalid test data, although they are not intended for use in patients with dementia.

Cited by 41 publications

References 44 publications

The Effects of 24-Hour Neurosurgical Call on Fine Motor Dexterity, Cognition, and Mood

The Effects of 24-Hour Neurosurgical Call on Fine Motor Dexterity, Cognition, and Mood

Effect of Various OR Noise on Fine Motor Skills, Cognition, and Mood

From “below chance” to “a single error is one too many”: Evaluating various thresholds for invalid performance on two forced choice recognition tests

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