Embedded Software Development for Safety-Critical Systems

Hobbs, Chris

doi:10.1201/b18965

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The higher complexity in software is directly proportional to the difficulty level to meet the standard. Thus, using the IEC 62304 certified embedded OS will accelerate the product development progress [41].…”

Section: Medical Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded operating system and industrial applications: a review

et al. 2021

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The complexity of an embedded system is directly proportional to the requirements of industrial applications. Various embedded operating system (OS) approaches had been built to fulfil the requirements. This review aims to systematically address the similarities and differences of the embedded OS solutions and analyse the factors that will influence decision-making when choosing what solution to use in the applications. This paper reviews three standard solutions; super loop, cooperative, and real-time operating system (RTOS). These are commonly used in industrial applications. By grouping the tasks in the foreground and background execution region, the concept and working principle of each of them are reviewed. The unique feature of RTOS in the context of task switching was used to define the deterministic characteristic of meeting the deadlines. The importance and performance of this characteristic is addressed and compared among various solutions in this paper. Subsequently, this paper reviewed the internet of things (IoT) requirements, automotive, medical and consumer electronics industry. The influential factors on choosing the right embedded OS to be used are extracted based on the requirements. They are reviewed in the perspective of memory footprint, regulated standards, cost-effectiveness, time effectiveness, and scalability.

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Section: Medical Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded operating system and industrial applications: a review

et al. 2021

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“…Hobbs 16 discusses the possibility to combine risk analysis methods with safety critical functions in order to ensure safe operation. This may include a control functionality in a system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk-informed control systems for improved operational performance and decision-making

Thieme

Rokseth

Utne

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O:

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Autonomous systems, including airborne, land-based, marine, and underwater vehicles, are increasingly present in the world. One important aspect of autonomy is the capability to process information and to make independent decisions for achieving a mission goal. Information on the level of risk related to the operation may improve the decision-making process of autonomous systems. This article describes the integration of risk analysis methods with the control system of autonomous and highly automated systems that are evaluated during operation. Four main areas of implementation are identified; (i) risk models used to directly make decisions, (ii) use of the output of risk models as input to decision-making and optimization algorithms, (iii) the output of risk models may be used as a constraint in or modifying constraints of algorithms, and (iv) the output of risk models may be used to inform representations or maps of the environment to be used in path planning. A case study on a dynamic positioning controller of an offshore supply vessel exemplifies the concepts described in this article. In addition, it demonstrates how risk model output may be used within a hybrid controller.

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“…Given this reality, it is vital for a safety-critical system to have some form of error detection and recovery capabilities to prevent latent software errors from becoming faults and causing hazards [34]. Such systems are known as fault-tolerant systems [3] [27]. Several safety standards such as ISO-26262 for automotive functional safety and DO-178C for airborne systems recommend the use of some form of anomaly detection during the safety-critical system's operational phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thread Homeostasis - Real-Time Anomalous Behavior Detection Using Short Sequences of Messages for Safety-Critical Software

Sharnouby¹

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Safety-critical systems must always have predictable and reliable behavior, otherwise systems fail and lives are put at risk. Even with the most rigorous testing it is impossible to test systems using all possible inputs. Complex software systems will often fail when given novel sets of inputs; thus, safety-critical systems may behave in unintended, dangerous ways when subject to inputs combinations that were not seen in development. Safety critical systems are normally designed to be fault tolerant so they do not fail when given unexpected inputs.Anomaly detection has been proposed as a technique for improving the fault tolerance of safety-critical systems. Past work, however, has been largely limited to behavioral parameter thresholds that miss many kinds of system deviations. Here we propose a novel approach to anomaly detection in fault-tolerant safety critical systems using patterns of messages between threads. This approach is based on techniques originally developed for detecting security violations on systems with UNIX-like system call APIs; here we show that they can be adapted to the constraints of safety critical microkernel-based hard real-time systems. We present the design, implementation, and initial evaluation of tH (thread Homeostasis) implemented on a QNX-based self-driving car platform. *

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Embedded Software Development for Safety-Critical Systems

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Embedded operating system and industrial applications: a review

Embedded operating system and industrial applications: a review

Risk-informed control systems for improved operational performance and decision-making

Thread Homeostasis - Real-Time Anomalous Behavior Detection Using Short Sequences of Messages for Safety-Critical Software

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