Emblica officinalis (Amla) Ameliorates High-Fat Diet Induced Alteration of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology

Abstract

Background:Dietary high fat possibly causes oxidative stress. Also, it alters the pathophysiology of metabolically active myocardial tissues and vascular architecture. Emblica officinalis contains a potential antioxidant that counteracts oxidative stress and possibly maintains vascular integrity.Objectives:To assess the effect of ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) on High Fat Diet (HFD) induced changes in vascular chemistry and histopathology of the cardiovascular system in male albino rats.Materials and Methods:Ethanolic extract of Emblica Officinalis (EEO) was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into four groups, having six rats in each group as follows: group 1- Control (20% fat); group 2 (20% fat+ EEO 100 mg/kg/b w); group 3 (30% fat) and group 4 (30% fat + EEO 100 mg/kg/b w). Dietary and EEO supplementation was continued for 21 days. Gravimetric and oxidative stress markers like MDA, NO, antioxidants like Vitamin C and E, and molecular marker (NOS3) were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was done on the myocardium and elastic artery along with measurement of coronary arterial wall thickness and lumen diameter. One way ANOVA was done for analysis of data.Results:High fat diet showed a significant increase in MDA, decrease of NO with unaltered NOS3 protein in rats fed with high fat diet, which indicate possible alteration of vascular pathophysiology. Supplementation of EEO showed an ameliorating effect on high fat diet induced oxidative stress. These results were further corroborated with findings of a histopathological study on the myocardium, elastic artery and coronary arterial architecture.Conclusion:Ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) indicates its cardioprotective efficacy against rats fed with high fat diet.

Low oxygen microenvironment and cardiovascular remodeling: Role of dual L/N.type Ca2+ channel blocker

“…The stained specimens of the ventricles with coronary artery and the vasculature (elastic and muscular arteries) were assessed for CH-induced cardiovascular remodeling and the effect of treatment with Cil by examining the microscopic changes in the architecture. [ 13 ]…”

“…[ 15 ] In this study, NWI was calculated for coronary artery by using the histopathological images. [ 13 ] ? ImageJ software (U. S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/ ) was used was used to analyze the histological images of the coronary artery.…”

The Untold Health Benefits of Herbal Black Salt (Kala Namak): A Scientific Overview

“…Amla in male albino rats, effectuated by mitigation of the oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet [18]. Khanna et al (2015) found that dietary supplementation with a standardized extract of Amla led to significant improvements in lipid profiles and reduced levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a marker of inflammation, in overweight adults [19].…”

Process optimisation for the development of giloy (Tinospora cordifolia L.) juice incorporated amla pulp candy

“…Amla fruits are also rich in avonoids (kaempferol, & quercetin), tannins (Emblicanin A & Emblicanin B) and phyllemblin [21]. The curative and medicinal properties of amla include anti-cancerous activities [8], antidepressant activity [13], cardioprotective effect [40], oral health [16], hair growth stimulator [32], and antihyperlipidemic activity [22].…”