Emblica officinalis (Amla) with a Particular Focus on Its Antimicrobial Potentials: A Review

Khurana, Sandip Kumar; Tiwari, Ruchi; Sharun, Khan; Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal; Gugjoo, Mudasir Bashir; Dhama, Kuldeep

doi:10.22207/jpam.13.4.11

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Amla and Kadipatta extracts showed promisingly lower MIC values (0.02 mg/ml), indicating their prolific antimicrobial activities. The Amla fruits have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activities owing to tannins: Emblicanin A and B [42]. The results of the present investigation are in consonance with previous studies which also reported E. officinalis to have a broad-spectrum antibacterial potential against B. subtilis, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa [43,44].…”

Section: Evaluating Mic Of Plant Extracts Against Candidate Mdr Strainssupporting

confidence: 92%

Antibacterial potential of indigenous plant extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from New Delhi region

Chadha

Gupta

Nagpal

et al. 2021

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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The extensive use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections has led to the widespread emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, becoming increasingly difficult to treat with currently available antibacterial agents. The present study is based on prospecting the ethnomedicinal potential of Indian plant varieties for the treatment of MDR bacteria. Plants produce an array of diverse pharmacological compounds in defence against microbial pathogens which may be employed as a novel intervention strategy to combat MDR human pathogens. In the present study, the antimicrobial activity of extracts of four common Indian plants: Azadirachta indica (Neem), Murraya koenigii (Kadipatta), Phyllanthus emblica (Amla), and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) prepared in four solvents, water, methanol, ethanol, and chloroform was tested against nine MDR bacterial isolates. Kirby-Bauer well diffusion assays were adopted to assess the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts against the MDR strains. The potency of plant extracts was examined by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). All MDR isolates including Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Bacillus subtilis, B. thuringiensis, B. cereus, Enterobacter xiangfangensis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were significantly inhibited by the plant extracts. Test extracts showed promising antibacterial potential against MDR P. aeruginosa and Bacillus sp. with low MIC values ranging between 0.02-1.56 mg/ml, while most plant extracts exhibited either moderate MBC values or bacteriostatic effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the potential use of endemic A. indica, M. koenigii, P. emblica, and O. sanctum as therapeutic agents against circulating MDR human pathogens in the national capital.

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Section: Evaluating Mic Of Plant Extracts Against Candidate Mdr Strainssupporting

confidence: 92%

Antibacterial potential of indigenous plant extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from New Delhi region

Chadha

Gupta

Nagpal

et al. 2021

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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“…In Allium cepa the distilled water extract is ineffective against both the test bacterial species whereas the acetone and ethanolic extracts show marked inhibition against both the bacteria. [17]. In Mentha piperita, the distilled water, acetone and ethanolic extracts of leaves show good inhibitory effect against B. subtilis and A. niger while, the extracts are found to be ineffective against E. coli [18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Antimicrobial Properties of Some Ethnomedicinal Plants

Vashistha

Chaubey²

2021

JPRI

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The world is suffering through large number of diseases which are primarily caused by the microbes, though it is bacteria, fungi, viruses or protozoans. The inappropriate, prolonged use of antibiotics and loss of biodiversity and climate change is leading to the invasion of microbes in the human population, because of which every individual on the earth is suffering from diseases caused by microorganisms. In current scenario it is the prerequisite to screen the effective, safe, cheap, and available therapeutics from plants and natural products. Plant parts of sixteen medicinal plant species such as Aegle marmelos, Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica, Calotropis procera, Cassia fistula, Catharanths roseus, Coriandrum sativum, Curcuma longa, Emblica officinalis, Eucalyptus, Mentha piperita, Nerium oleander, Ocimum sanctum, Withania somnifera and Zingiber officinale with high antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Gram-negative Escherichia coli and fungus Aspergillus niger were extracted with aqueous, ethanol and acetone and with the help of well diffusion method minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined. Out of three solvent phases, ethanol extract showed the highest inhibition against the microbes, where as the efficacy of most of the aqueous and acetone plant extracts were also confirmed as antimicrobial agent and their use as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of various diseases.

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“…Traditionally, medicinal herbs and plant extracts were known to have antimicrobial properties with relatively negligible toxic or adverse side effects [ 25 ]. Emblica officinalis extracts have been extensively investigated, and their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties are well-known and documented [ 26 ]. Many in-vitro studies revealed its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, along with its antibacterial properties to inhibit Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy of Emblica Officinalis Lollipop Against Streptococcus Mutans Counts in Institutionalized Visually Impaired Children

Bane¹,

Thosar²,

Rathi³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundAmong the 1.21 billion population of India, 26.8 million individuals have disabilities, and around five million are visually impaired. These children encounter problems related to oral health maintenance, thus further leading to dental problems. Even though Pediatric dentists treat visually impaired children for their oral problems, they emphasize mainly on the prevention of dental caries. Dental caries has a multifactorial etiology, and dentists are unable to find a complete solution for its prevention. However, reducing Streptococcus mutans has been seen to reduce the caries rate in the past. The use of the herbal product Emblica officinalis to reduce Streptococcus mutans levels has been documented. An affordable delivery system is required to use Emblica officinalis for its anticaries action. Thus, a unique delivery system of herbal sugar-free lollipops containing Emblica officinalis extract was made and can effectively deliver antimicrobial action in visually impaired children. AimTo evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Emblica officinalis lollipop on Streptococcus mutans counts and pH levels in institutionalized visually impaired children. MethodA total of 60 institutionalized visually impaired children (age: 4 to 14 years) were selected. The study consisted of two groups (experimental "Emblica officinalis lollipop" and control "placebo lollipop"), and the children were divided equally into both groups. Children from the study and control groups were subjected to the respective lollipops twice daily for seven days. Streptococcus mutans count and pH count were evaluated at baseline and after seven days post-intervention of the respective lollipop. ResultsThe results showed that in both groups, Streptococcus mutans count was reduced post-intervention. However, the efficacy of the study group (Emblica officinalis lollipop) in inhibiting the Streptococcus mutans count was better than the control group (placebo lollipop). An increase in the pH level was seen postintervention for both the study and control groups. And on the intergroup comparison, no statistical significance was found. ConclusionThe use of Emblica officinalis lollipop is effective in inhibiting the Streptococcus mutans count when compared with the placebo lollipop. While marginal pH change was seen in both groups. Thus, the herbal modality most acceptable without any pharmaceutical concerns should be chosen. Emblica officinalis lollipops can be used in institutionalized visually impaired children to reduce the oral Streptococcus mutans count and maintain a healthy oral cavity.

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Emblica officinalis (Amla) with a Particular Focus on Its Antimicrobial Potentials: A Review

Cited by 23 publications

References 105 publications

Antibacterial potential of indigenous plant extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from New Delhi region

Antibacterial potential of indigenous plant extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from New Delhi region

Analysis of Antimicrobial Properties of Some Ethnomedicinal Plants

Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy of Emblica Officinalis Lollipop Against Streptococcus Mutans Counts in Institutionalized Visually Impaired Children

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