Embryology and seed development of Syngonanthus caulescens (Poir.) Ruhland (Eriocaulaceae-Poales)

Coan, Alessandra Ike; Rosa, Michele Marcelino; Scatena, Vera Lúcia

doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2006.09.019

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The micropylar operculum observed in seeds of Eriocaulon, Lachnocaulon, Leiothrix, Paepalanthus, Philodice, Syngonanthus and Tonina, and in previous observations of other representatives of Syngonanthus (SCATENA et al 1993COAN et al 2007a), Paepalanthus (KRAUS et al 1996;COAN & SCATENA 2004), Paepalanthus sect. Actinocephalus (= genus Actinocephalus) (SCATENA & BOUMAN 2001), Blastocaulon (COAN & SCATENA 2004) and Leiothrix (COAN et al 2007b) is a constant characteristic of the seeds in Eriocaulaceae.…”

Section: Seed Structurementioning

confidence: 85%

Comparative embryology and taxonomic considerations in Eriocaulaceae (Poales)

2010

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The genus concept within Eriocaulaceae is widely discussed because it is mainly based on a small number of floral characteristics of unknown functional and evolutionary significance. The aim of the present work is to comparatively study the embryology of representatives of most genera of Eriocaulaceae to identify relevant features that might aid in circumscribing them. In Eriocaulaceae, the uniformity of the embryological characteristics makes it difficult to interpret the existing relationships among the genera. Some embryological characteristics, especially those related to the number of microsporangia, are shown to be unstable and restricted to Paepalanthoideae. The unique pollen morphology may be related to mechanical processes to accommodate the increase in volume after early formation of the pollen wall and may indicate a relationship to an inaperturate ancestor. The placentation, formerly stated to be axile, is more likely to be central due to protusions of the locular base. The shape of the proximal region of the megagametophyte may be responsible for the formation of the antipodal cyst. The seed coat structure is uniform in origin and is a consistent taxonomic characteristic of the family. A review of Eriocaulaceae is necessary, in which additional morphological and anatomical characteristics should be considered and combined.

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Section: Seed Structurementioning

confidence: 85%

Comparative embryology and taxonomic considerations in Eriocaulaceae (Poales)

2010

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“…It should be noted, however, that the physiological quality of C. elegans seeds varies according to the harvest site and date (Nunes et al 2008a), and likewise the phenology of its post-seminal development may also vary with the time in which the tests are conducted and with the origin of the material, as we have observed in preliminary laboratory tests. The operculum of C. elegans seeds probably originates from divisions of cells of the inner integument that constitutes the micropyle, as it has been observed in Comanthera cipoensis (Scatena et al 1993) and Syngonanthus caulescens (Coan et al 2007). Germination by means of an operculum has been pointed out as the most sophisticated mode of seed germination (Boesewinkel and Bowman 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvest times of Comanthera elegans, a worldwide traded Brazilian species of everlasting flower: implications on seed production, germination, and on species management

et al. 2015

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Comanthera elegans (Bong.) L.R. Parra & Giul (''sempre-viva-pé-de-ouro'') is one of the most economically important species among the Eriocaulaceae in Brazil. Its inflorescences are used to make handicrafts and have long been exported to all over the world. The collection period usually begins in the second half of April and extends to May, occasionally until the first half of June. We assessed seed production and germinability throughout the 2006 harvest season: April-November, as well as the variation in morphology and anatomy of inflorescences along this period. In the evaluated flowering, seeds still had not yet been completely formed by early April, the onset month of commercial collection. Instead, germinable seeds were first observed in May, while seed dispersal was already in progress in early June. Collection in June resulted in plant uprooting, due to the tighter attachment of the scape to the rosette. The beginning and peak of germination occurred earlier for seeds from the most delayed collections, and the highest germinability was presented by seeds collected in September.We showed that the best period for the plant sexual reproduction surpasses the best period for commercial collection. Due to the onset of germinable seeds only as late as at the second half of the harvesting period, encouraging the delayed beginning of inflorescence collection may well represent a management strategy. Furthermore, the reservation of non-harvesting areas, which would secure the maintenance of plant populations in the wild and thus guarantee seed production and dispersal; maintaining remnants of inflorescences in collected areas; and encouraging cultivation should be considered.

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“…Ruhland, stated that the cells of the outer layer of the outer integument disintegrated and the anticlinal walls of the cells of the inner layer of the outer integument thicken during development and it is this that produces the seed coat ornamentation. Coan et al (2007; 2010) studied the development of the seeds in six genera of Eriocaulaceae, including Leiothrix ( L. flavescens ) and confirmed the findings of Scatena and Bouman (2001), concluding that most Eriocaulaceae have endotestal seeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The order Poales, in which the Eriocaulaceae are classified, consists of about 20,000 species in 15 families forming five clades: bromeliids, cyperids, graminids, restiids and xyrids (Darshetkar et al 2019). The Eriocaulaceae together with the Xyridaceae constitute the xyrid clade and they share characters such as bitegmic and tenuinucellate ovules, seeds with tanniniferous hypostase, starchy endosperm and undifferentiated embryos (Scatena and Bouman 2001; Coan et al 2007; 2010; Nardi et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed morphology and post‐seminal development in Leiothrix Ruhland (Eriocaulaceae, Poales)

Mascarenhas

Scatena

2020

Feddes Repertorium

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The genus Leiothrix (Eriocaulaceae) is restricted to South America, where most species occur in the Espinhaço mountain chain in Brazil. Seed ornamentation has a distinctive origin in the family and in most species of Leiothrix the seed coat has a striated pattern. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological aspects of seeds of Leiothrix as well as the post‐seminal development. Leiothrix seeds are elliptical or oval, the seed coat has a primary sculpture of isodiametric or hexagonal cells with concave periclinal walls and straight or sinuose anticlinal walls. Most species also have a secondary sculpture, which forms the striate ornamentation and this may be continuous or discontinuous with isolated, connected or cruciform annular striae. A comparative table of seed characters shows that most of them corroborate the current circumscription of the subgenera of Leiothrix. The seed coat striae expand with wetting and may help in seed imbibition during germination. Leiothrix seeds show a high germination rate and the post‐seminal development pattern is similar to that described for other species of Eriocaulaceae.

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Embryology and seed development of Syngonanthus caulescens (Poir.) Ruhland (Eriocaulaceae-Poales)

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Comparative embryology and taxonomic considerations in Eriocaulaceae (Poales)

Comparative embryology and taxonomic considerations in Eriocaulaceae (Poales)

Harvest times of Comanthera elegans, a worldwide traded Brazilian species of everlasting flower: implications on seed production, germination, and on species management

Seed morphology and post‐seminal development in Leiothrix Ruhland (Eriocaulaceae, Poales)

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