Embryonic and larval development of lemon fin barb hybrid (♂ Hypsibarbus wetmorei × ♀ Barbonymus gonionotus)

Abstract

The Lemon fin barb hybrid was developed by crossing Lampam () females with Kerai () males as a potential food source for lower income people in Malaysia due to fast growth and ease of culture. For delicious flesh and high market demand, the farming of this hybrid has subsequently expanded rapidly. Many of the basic biological aspects of this hybrid have not yet been investigated and in this study the embryonic and early larval development were examined. After injecting the brood-stocks with hormones, the matured eggs and sperms were collected by strip spawning. The developing embryonic stages were subsequently observed at 10 min intervals for the first hour, 20 min intervals at the second hour, 30 min for the next hour, and then hourly intervals up to hatching. After hatching, observations continued at 2 hr intervals for the first day and a minimum of 6 hr intervals for the following days. Results showed that the hatching of this hybrid occurred 14 hrs post-fertilization at a temperature of 24.0 ± 1°C. The hybrid larvae began to actively swim when the yolk sac became absent 46 hrs after hatching, and were considered to be at the early larval stage. No abnormalities were evident and developmental duration and sizes were similar to. This study represents the first description of the early development stages for Lemon fin barb hybrids that may assist with the establishment of seed production and rearing techniques for aquaculture development in Malaysia.

Evaluation of Growth Performance and Morpho-Meristic Characteristics in The Progenies of Barbonymus gonionotus and Barbonymus schwanenfeldii

“…The hatching period of pure GG, SS, and both reciprocal hybrids was 13.5 -14 hr after fertilization, which was similar to those reported 14 hr for (Hypsibarbus wetmorei♂ × Barbonymus gonionotus♀) hybrid (Zakaria et al, 2018), and 13 -14 hr for B. gonionotus in lab-reared conditions at 30.5°C (Basak et al, 2014). Other tropical carp species, like Puntius sarana, Hypsibarbus malcolmi, Tor tambroides, and T. douronensis hatched at 15 -20 hr at room temperature (Chakraborty, 2003;Ingram et al, 2005;Ogata et al, 2010;Udit et al, 2014), whereas Neolissochilus hexagonolepis hatched in 22 hr after fertilization at 22 ± 2°C (Sarma et al, 2015).…”

“…This species is a true freshwater fish that is omnivorous but tends to be herbivorous (Batubara et al, 2018). Barbonymus species is widespread across tropical and subtropical areas, particularly in Asia; the Mekong and Chao Phraya rivers, Borneo, and Sumatra, and all rivers and lakes in Peninsular Malaysia (Isa et al, 2012;Zakaria et al, 2018).…”

“…Barbonymus gonionotus (Bleeker) locally known as Lampam Jawa (Zakaria et al, 2018) is a commercially significant fish species in Southeast Asia's capture fisheries and aquaculture (Kamonrat et al, 2002). It is a major tropical fast-growing freshwater fish species that may easily breed in captivity and adapt to a broad range of cultural conditions (Chaudhary et al, 2008;Rahman et al, 2009).…”

“…This species is a true freshwater fish that is omnivorous but tends to be herbivorous (Batubara et al, 2018). Barbonymus species is widespread across tropical and subtropical areas, particularly in Asia; the Mekong and Chao Phraya rivers, Borneo, and Sumatra, and all rivers and lakes in Peninsular Malaysia (Isa et al, 2012;Zakaria et al, 2018).Barbonymus gonionotus (Bleeker) locally known as Lampam Jawa (Zakaria et al, 2018) is a commercially significant fish species in Southeast Asia's capture fisheries and aquaculture (Kamonrat et al, 2002). It is a major tropical fast-growing freshwater fish species that may easily breed in captivity and adapt to a broad range of cultural conditions (Chaudhary et al, 2008;Rahman et al, 2009).…”

“…Several genetic improvement programs in some important aquaculture species have been successfully applied in hybrids to improve the growth performance and productivity of aquacultural strains (Basavaraju et al, 1995;Scribner et al, 2001). For example, the Lemon fin barb hybrid stock was carefully selected and hybridized by the Department of Fisheries in Malaysia by crossing (B. gonionotus) and Kerai (Hypsibarbus wetmorei) with the aim of rapid growth rate and ease of reproduction (Zakaria et al, 2018). A hybrid between B. gonionotus and T. tambroides was successfully produced by Azfar-Ismail et al (2020) to enhance the commercial aquaculture of tropical carp for the aquaculture industry.…”