Embryonic expression of the chicken Sox2, Sox3 and Sox11 genes suggests an interactive role in neuronal development

Uwanogho, Dafe; Rex, Maria; Cartwright, Elizabeth J.; Pearl, Gina; Healy, Chris; Scotting, Paul J.; Sharpe, Paul T.

doi:10.1016/0925-4773(94)00299-3

Cited by 356 publications

(306 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Therefore, we cannot agree with either of the conclusions of Knoetgen et al (1999b) that the endoblast on its own elicits any detectable change in the adjacent host ectoblast after transplantation or that the avian organizer is confined to Hensen's node only. Foley et al (2000) studied the eventual role of the early deep layer (endophyll and/or sickle endoblast) on the expression of the molecular markers Sox3 (Uwanogho et al, 1995) and Otx2 (Bally-Cuif et al, 1995) in the upper layer. From Hamburger and Hamilton stage 6 -7 on, Sox3 is specifically expressed in the entire chicken neural plate and Otx2 is expressed throughout the forebrain and midbrain.…”

Section: Influence Of Sickle Endoblast On Neurulation and Gastrulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin, fate, and function of the components of the avian germ disc region and early blastoderm: Role of ooplasmic determinants

Callebaut

2005

Developmental Dynamics

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In the avian oocytal germ disc region, at the end of oogenesis, we discerned four ooplasms (␣, ␤, ␥, ␦) presenting an onion-peel distribution (from peripheral and superficial to central and deep. Their fate was followed during early embryonic development. The most superficial and peripheral ␣ ooplasm plays a fundamental role during cleavage. The ␤ ooplasm, originally localized in the peripheral region of the blastodisc, becomes mainly concentrated in the primitive streak. At the moment of bilateral symmetrization, a spatially oblique, sickle-shaped uptake of ␥ and ␦ ooplasms occurs so that ␥ and ␦ ooplasms become incorporated into the deeper part of the avian blastoderm. These ooplasms seem to contain ooplasmic determinants that initiate either early neurulation or gastrulation events. The early neural plate-inducing structure that forms a deep part of the blastoderm is the ␦ ooplasm-containing endophyll (primary hypoblast). Together with the primordial germ cells, it is derived from the superficial centrocaudal part of the nucleus of Pander, which also contains ␦ ooplasm. The other structure (␥ ooplasm) that is incorporated into the caudolateral deep part of the blastoderm forms Rauber's sickle. It induces gastrulation in the concavity of Rauber's sickle and blood island formation exterior to Rauber's sickle. Rauber's sickle develops by ingrowth of blastodermal cells into the ␥ ooplasm, which surrounds the nucleus of Pander. Rauber's sickle constitutes the primary major organizer of the avian blastoderm and generates only extraembryonic tissues (junctional and sickle endoblast). By imparting positional information, it organizes and dominates the whole blastoderm (controlling gastrulation, neurulation, and coelom and cardiovascular system formation). Fragments of the horns of Rauber's sickle extend far cranially into the lateral quadrants of the unincubated blastoderm, so that often Rauber's sickle material forms three quarters of a circle. This finding explains the regulative capacities of isolated blastoderm parts, with the exception of the anti-sickle region and central blastoderm region, where no Rauber's sickle material is present. In avian blastoderms, there exists a competitive inhibition by Rauber's sickle on the primitive streak and neural plate-inducing effects of sickle endoblast. Avian primordial germ cells contain ␦ ooplasm derived from the superficial part of the nucleus of Pander. Their original deep and central ooplasmic localization has been confirmed by the use of a chicken vasa homologue. We conclude that the unincubated blastoderm consists of three elementary tissues: upper layer mainly containing ␤ ooplasm, endophyll containing ␦ ooplasm, and Rauber's sickle containing ␥ ooplasm). These elementary tissues form before the three classic germ layers have developed.

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Section: Influence Of Sickle Endoblast On Neurulation and Gastrulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin, fate, and function of the components of the avian germ disc region and early blastoderm: Role of ooplasmic determinants

Callebaut

2005

Developmental Dynamics

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“…3A). In our experiments, we focused on the gonadal expression of Sox2 as its expression elsewhere has been previously reported [27,28]. Oct4 is expressed only in germ cells after E9.0 and is therefore an excellent marker of developing PGCs.…”

Section: Esg1 Oct4 and Sox2 Coexpression In Es And Germ Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Esg1 Expression in Pluripotent Cells and the Germline Reveals Similarities with Oct4 and Sox2 and Differences Between Human Pluripotent Cell Lines

et al. 2005

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Establishment of pluripotent epiblast cells is a critical event during early mammalian development because all somatic lineages and the primordial germ cells (PGCs) are derived from them. The epiblast and PGCs are in turn the precursors of pluripotent embryonic stem cells and embryonic germ cells, respectively. Although PGCs are specialized cells, they express several key pluripotency-related genes, such as Oct4 and Sox2. We have analyzed Esg1 expression in mouse and human cells and shown that in the mouse the gene is specifically expressed in preimplantation embryos, stem cells, and the germline. Moreover, Esg1 coexpresses with Oct4 and Sox2, confirming its identity as a marker of the pluripotent cycle. Esg1 is also expressed with Oct4 and Sox2 by human embryonic stem cells and in germ cell carcinoma tissue but not by all human embryonal carcinoma cell lines. These data suggest that together with Oct4 and Sox2, Esg1 plays a conserved role in the pluripotent pathway of mouse and human stem and germ cells.

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“…In the peripheral nervous system, the Sox11 transcription factor has been of interest because of its high level of expression in developing trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) (Uwanogho et al, 1995, Hargrave et al, 1997 and potential role in the development of gliomas (Weigle et al, 2005). In sensory neurons the high level of embryonic Sox11 expression is markedly reduced at birth (Hargrave et al, 1997, Tanabe et al, 2003, Jankowski et al, 2004, suggesting tight control of its transcriptional activity during postnatal neuron maturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SRY-box containing gene 11 (Sox11) transcription factor is required for neuron survival and neurite growth

et al. 2006

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The transcription factor Sox11 is expressed at high levels in developing sensory neurons and injured adult neurons but little is known about its transcriptional targets and function. In this study we examined the role of Sox11 using Neuro2a neuroblastoma cells and cultured mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Results show Sox11 has an essential role in regulation of neuron survival and neurite outgrowth in Neuro2a cells and primary sensory neurons. Neuro2a cells increase expression of Sox11 as they differentiate in culture. Following addition of 20μM retinoic acid (RA), a stimulus for differentiation that enhances neurite growth and differentiation, Sox11 level rises. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Sox11 in RA-differentiated Neuro2a cells caused a decrease in neurite growth and an increase in the percent of apoptotic cells. RNA expression analysis showed that Sox11 knockdown modulated the level of mRNAs encoding several genes related to cell survival and death. Further validation in the Neuro2a model showed Sox11 knockdown increased expression of the proapoptotic gene BNIP3 (Bcl2 interacting protein 1 NIP3) decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic gene TANK (TRAF family member-associated NFκB activator). Cultured primary DRG neurons also express Sox11 and treatment with Sox11 siRNA caused a significant decrease in neurite growth and branching and a decrease in mRNA encoding actin-related protein complex 3 (Arpc3), an actin organizing protein that may be involved in axon growth. The percent of apoptotic neurons also increased in cultures of DRG neurons treated with Sox11 siRNA. Similar to Neuro2a cells, a decrease in TANK gene expression occurred, suggesting at least some overlap in Sox11 transcriptional targets in Neuro2a and DRG neurons. These data are consistent with a central role for Sox11 in regulating events that promote neurite growth and neuron survival.

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Embryonic expression of the chicken Sox2, Sox3 and Sox11 genes suggests an interactive role in neuronal development

Cited by 356 publications

References 40 publications

Origin, fate, and function of the components of the avian germ disc region and early blastoderm: Role of ooplasmic determinants

Origin, fate, and function of the components of the avian germ disc region and early blastoderm: Role of ooplasmic determinants

Analysis of Esg1 Expression in Pluripotent Cells and the Germline Reveals Similarities with Oct4 and Sox2 and Differences Between Human Pluripotent Cell Lines

SRY-box containing gene 11 (Sox11) transcription factor is required for neuron survival and neurite growth

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