Embryonic-Fetal Toxicity and Teratogenic Effects of a Group of Methacrylate Esters in Rats

Singh, A.R.; Lawrence, W. H.; Autian, John

doi:10.1177/00220345720510062201

Cited by 92 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It has been reported that methyl methacrylate (MMA) may be teratogenic and can cause adverse cardiovascular effects in animals (Phillips et al, 1971, Singh et al, 1972Karlsson et al, 1995). In addition, subcutaneous polymethyl-methacrlylate implants induced malignant tumors in rodents (Oppenheimer et al, 1955).…”

Section: (G) Pulp Studies In Animals and Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility of Resin-Modified Filling Materials

Geurtsen

2000

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

360

258

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Increasing numbers of resin-based dental restorations have been placed over the past decade. During this same period, the public interest in the local and especially systemic adverse effects caused by dental materials has increased significantly It has been found that each resin-based material releases several components into the oral environment. In particular, the comonomer, triethyleneglycol di-methacrylate (TEGDMA), and the 'hydrophilic' monomer, 2-hydroxy-ethyl-methacrylate (HEMA), are leached out from various composite resins and 'adhesive' materials (e.g., resin-modified glass-ionomer cements IGICsl and dentin adhesives) in considerable amounts during the first 24 hours after polymerization. Numerous unbound resin components may leach into saliva during the initial phase after polymerization, and later, due to degradation or erosion of the resinous restoration. Those substances may be systemically distributed and could potentially cause adverse systemic effects in patients. In addition, absorption of organic substances from unpolymerized material, through unprotected skin, due to manual contact may pose a special risk for dental personnel. This is borne out by the increasing numbers of dental nurses, technicians, and aentists who present with allergic reactions to one or more resin components, like HEMA, glutaraldehyde, ethyleneglycol di-methacrylate (EGDMA), and dibenzoyl peroxide (DPO). However, it must be emphasized that, except for conventional composite resins, data reported on the release of substances from resin-based materials are scarce. There is very little reliable information with respect to the biological interactions between resin components and various tissues. Those interactions may be either protective, like absorption to dentin, or detrimental, e.g., inflammatory reactions of soft tissues. Microbial effects have also been observed which may contribute indirectly to caries and irritation of the pulp. Therefore, it is critical, both for our patients and for the profession, that the biological effects of resin-based filling materials be clarified in the near future,

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Section: (G) Pulp Studies In Animals and Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility of Resin-Modified Filling Materials

Geurtsen

2000

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

360

258

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“…Lawrence and Autian (7) demonstrated that when animals were exposed to methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate vapors, sleeping time (from administration of pentobarbital sodium) was extended. For example, exposure for 13 Treon and associates (4), in another study, repeatedly exposed animals (rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, and monkeys) to various concentrations of methyl and ethyl acrylate in air for periods of 7 hr. They recorded the concentration which did not kill any of the animals and the next higher concentration which did produce deaths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure-toxicity relationships of acrylic monomers.

Autian¹

1975

Environ Health Perspect

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Esters of acrylic acid, in particular methyl methacrylate, have wide applications in a number of industrial and consumer products, forming very desirable nonbreakable glasslike materials. In dentistry, the monomers are used to prepare dentures and a variety of filling and coating materials for the teeth. Surgeons utilize the monomers to prepare a cement which helps anchor prosthetic devices to bone. Special types of acrylic monomers such as the cyano derivatives have found a useful application as adhesive materials.Most of the acrylic acid esters are volatile substances and can produce various levels of toxicity if inhaled. A large number of workers thus exposed to the vapors of these esters can develop clinical symptoms and signs of toxicity. This paper will discuss the toxicity of a large number of acrylic esters, and will attempt to show structureactivity relationships where such data are available. General comments will also be made as to the potential health hazards this variety of esters may present to selected segments of the population.

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“…Hence present evidence implies, but does not prove, that it is rather unlikely that methyl methacrylate metabolism would yield damaging reactive metabolites, since an acceptable pathway has been proposed which is independent of the microsomal and cytoplasmic enzymes that are usually concerned with foreign compound metabolism. The report of Singh et al (1972) is accordingly difficult to reconcile and, in practice, i.p. injection would niever be selected as the route for the testing of embryonal-foetal toxicity and teratogenicity per se (Hathway, 1975), since a compound under examination might be absorbed from the peritoneum into the foetuses direct, and not via the placenta.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%