Emended descriptions of Bacillus sporothermodurans and Bacillus oleronius with the inclusion of dairy farm isolates of both species

Abstract

Bacillus sporothermodurans is an industrially important micro-organism because of its ability to produce endospores which resist ultra high temperature (UHT) and industrial sterilization processes. It was described by Pettersson et al. (1996) based on seven genetically homogeneous isolates all from UHT-milk. Bacillus oleronius, the closest phylogenetic neighbor of B. sporothermodurans, was described by Kuhnigk et al. (1995), based on a single strain, isolated from the hindgut of the termite Reticulitermes santonensis. A polyphasic study of a heterogeneous collection of B. sporothermodurans and B. oleronius strains isolated from various sources and geographic origins led to an emended description of both species. Additional data presented are the results of fatty acids, quinones and/or cell wall analysis (polar lipids). DNA-DNA hybridizations confirmed 3 subgroups of strains obtained after SDS-PAGE analysis of cellular proteins as B. sporothermodurans. One named B. sporothermodurans strain (R-7489) was reclassified as a Bacillus fordii strain. The phenotypic profiles of both species were rather heterogeneous, sometimes different from the original descriptions and did not differ in a large number of characters, although B. oleronius generally gave stronger reactions in its positive tests than did B. sporothermodurans; the variable and weak reactions for both organisms with some substrates blurred the distinction between both. However, differences in polar lipid, SDS-PAGE and menaquinone profiles clearly allow distinction between the two species

Identification of non-Listeria spp. bacterial isolates yielding a β-d-glucosidase-positive phenotype on Agar Listeria according to Ottaviani and Agosti (ALOA)

“…After growth on TSYEB, the macroscopic examination of the isolate under wet mount revealed motile rods, single or in pairs (Supplementary video 5). This observation is in agreement with the findings of Kuhnigk et al (1995), but in contrast with Heyndrickx et al (2012) who reported B. oleronius as being non-motile. The Gram reaction of the isolate was not easy to score.…”

“…The isolate was reported to be esculin-positive and stained Gram-negative (Kuhnigk et al, 1995). Subsequently, the organism has been isolated from additional sources including animal feed (Vaerewijck et al, 2001), cow-teat skin (Verdier-Metz et al, 2012) and raw milk (Heyndrickx et al, 2012).…”

Modified Green Tea Polyphenols, EGCG-S and LTP, Inhibit Endospore in Three <i>Bacillus</i> spp.

“…B. cereus can contaminate milk and dairy products with very low infective dose of 10 3 -10 4 bacterial cells/g, the heating process in pasteurization is insufficient to eliminate all spores, the psychrotrophic nature of the spores allows them to thrive in cold environments, and the long appendages on the surface of the spores permits great adherence. Spores are capable of adhering to the big vessels, pipelines and tanks used in dairy industries, thus allowing them to persist during routine cleaning procedures [4] [10]. Treating these endospores is usually more difficult due to their properties of heat and antimicrobial chemical resistant [11].…”

Bacillus kwashiorkori sp. nov., a new bacterial species isolated from a malnourished child using culturomics

“… Bacillus thermoamylovorans DKP T (Combet‐Blanc et al., ), Bacillus thermolactis R‐6488 T (Coorevits et al., ), Bacillus smithii NRRL NRS‐173 T (Bae, Lee, & Kim, ), Bacillus aquimaris TF‐12 T (Yoon, Kim, Kang, Oh, & Park, ), Bacillus sporothermodurans M215 T (Heyndrickx et al., ), Bacillus acidicola 105‐2 T (Albert, ), Bacillus alveayuensis TM1 T (Bae et al., ), and Bacillus coagulans 2‐6 T (De Clerck et al., ). …”