Emergence and spread of NADC34‐like PRRSV in China

Bao, Hongyan; Li, Xiangdong

doi:10.1111/tbed.14316

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We performed recombinant detection using SimPlot v3.5.1 to test for possible recombination events within JS2021NADC34 strain. The results showed the isolated strain had no obvious recombination with local strains (Figure S4), suggesting JS2021NADC34 was probably transported from the United States and had not recombined with local strains or vaccine strains yet in China (Bao & Li, 2021). NADC30 underwent extensive mutations and recombination since it was introduced into China from North America in 2012, leading to pandemics in large areas of China between 2014 and 2016 (Wang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and genomic characterization of a Chinese NADC34‐like PRRSV isolated from Jiangsu province

Zhu

Yuan

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most important causative agents to swine industry, which has been epidemic more than 30 years. The emergence and recombination of new virus strains bring great challenges to the prevention and control of PRRSV. In the present study, we reported and characterized a novel PRRSV strain, designated as JS2021NADC34, which was for the first time isolated from clinical samples in Jiangsu province, China. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that JS2021NADC34 belonging to sublineage 1.5 of PRRSV-2 and was highly related to NADC34-like strains. Genetically, JS2021NADC34 strain had a continuous 100 aa depletion in NSP2, as compared to VR-2332 strain, which was consistent with most reported NADC34-like strains. Moreover, there were several amino acid substitutions occurred in the antigenic regions of GP2-GP5. Similar to other reported NADC34-like PRRSV in China, JS2021NADC34 had no recombination with other domestic strains, which indicates this sublineage of PRRSV may be directly transported from the United States and have not undergone extensive mutation and recombination with local strains yet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and genomic characterization of a Chinese NADC34‐like PRRSV isolated from Jiangsu province

Zhu

Yuan

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…Also in 2017, two NADC34-like strains (named LNWK96 and LNWK130) were isolated in Liaoning, China, and whole-genome sequencing indicated that these were chimeric viruses (Zhang et al, 2018). Between 2017 and 2021, NADC34-like strains spread to 10 Chinese provinces, with the highest rates of identification in Heilongjiang Province (Bao and Li, 2021;Xu et al, 2022;Zhao et al, 2022). Importantly, the lack of reports of NADC34-like strains in other Chinese provinces may be due to insufficient sampling rather than the absence of the virus.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Nadc34-like Strains Hints At Dominance In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the study of NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China

et al. 2022

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Since porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was first described in China in 1996, several genetically distinct strains of PRRSV have emerged with varying pathogenicity and severity, thereby making the prevention and control of PRRS more difficult in China and worldwide. Between 2017 and 2021, the detection rate of NADC34-like strain in China increased. To date, NADC34-like strains have spread to 10 Chinese provinces and have thus developed different degrees of pathogenicity and mortality. In this review, we summarize the history of NADC34-like strains in China and clarify the prevalence, genomic characteristics, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, recombination, pathogenicity, and vaccine status of this strain in China. In so doing, this study aims to provide a basis for the further development of prevention and control measures targeting the NADC34-like strain.

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“…The emergence of NADC34-like PRRSV was first reported in Liaoning Province, China, in 2017 [15]. This strain subsequently emerged in other provinces of China [16][17][18][19]21]. The positive samples were sequenced via the Sanger method.…”

Section: Sequence Analysis Of Nadc34-like Prrsvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the presence of such strains was also detected in southern China [16]. In 2020 and 2021, the detection of sublineage 1.5 (NADC34-like) and research on its spread were reported [17][18][19]. Unlike American NADC34-like PRRSVs, Chinese NADC34-like PRRSVs are currently mildly or moderately pathogenic in pigs [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Detection of NADC34-like PRRSV as a Main Epidemic Strain on a Large Farm in China

Gong

Sun

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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The newly emerged sublineage 1.5 (NADC34-like) porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has posed a direct threat to the Chinese pig industry since 2018. However, the prevalence and impact of NADC34-like PRRSV on Chinese pig farms is unclear. In the present study, we continuously monitored pathogens—including PRRSV, African swine fever virus (ASFV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), pseudorabies virus (PRV), and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)—on a fattening pig farm with strict biosecurity practices located in Heilongjiang Province, China, from 2020 to 2021. The results showed that multiple types of PRRSV coexisted on a single pig farm. NADC30-like and NADC34-like PRRSVs were the predominant strains on this pig farm. Importantly, NADC34-like PRRSV—detected during the period of peak mortality—was one of the predominant strains on this pig farm. Sequence alignment suggested that these strains shared the same 100 aa deletion in the NSP2 protein as IA/2014/NADC34 isolated from the United States (U.S.) in 2014. Phylogenetic analysis based on open reading frame 5 (ORF5) showed that the genetic diversity of NADC34-like PRRSV on this farm was relatively singular, but it had a relatively high rate of evolution. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern analysis showed that almost all ORF5 RFLPs were 1-7-4, with one 1-4-4. In addition, two complete genomes of NADC34-like PRRSVs were sequenced. Recombination analysis and sequence alignment demonstrated that both viruses, with 98.9% nucleotide similarity, were non-recombinant viruses. This study reports the prevalence and characteristics of NADC34-like PRRSVs on a large-scale breeding farm in northern China for the first time. These results will help to reveal the impact of NADC34-like PRRSVs on Chinese pig farms, and provide a reference for the detection and further prevention and control of NADC34-like PRRSVs.

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Emergence and spread of NADC34‐like PRRSV in China

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Isolation and genomic characterization of a Chinese NADC34‐like PRRSV isolated from Jiangsu province

Isolation and genomic characterization of a Chinese NADC34‐like PRRSV isolated from Jiangsu province

Recent advances in the study of NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China

First Detection of NADC34-like PRRSV as a Main Epidemic Strain on a Large Farm in China

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