Emergence of a New Swing Mode in the Western Power System

A fundamental study of inter-area oscillations in power systems

“…In recent times, many instances of unstable oscillations, involving inter-area modes in large power systems, have been observed, both in studies and in practice [4,5,6]. Such oscillations are, increasingly, becoming a cause of concern.…”

Building a dynamic electro‐mechanical model for the Pacific AC intertie using distributed synchrophasor measurements

“…The first two equations are given from the expressions for the frequencies of the two interarea modes. For this we consider the electromechanical swing equations for the three machines, given by (3)(4)(5). However, we should note that in these equations, the two variables V 4 and u 4 are not constants, but functions of the generator angles according to (8).…”

“…Here Bus 1 denotes the bus connected to the equivalent machine on the sending end, Bus 2 denotes that on the receiving end, Bus 3 is the point of voltage support, Bus 4 is an intermediate point where a PMU is located, and Bus 5 and 6 are two other points on the transfer path. The three lines connecting the pairwise sets of buses (5,4,3) and (6,2) are compensated by series capacitors to control the line flow. The reactances of these capacitors as well as the line inductive reactances are provided by Southern California Edison (SCE).…”

Preliminary synchronized phasor data analysis of disturbance events in the US Eastern Interconnection

“…The papers [13][14][15] provide analysis on how power imbalances travel as electromechanical waves on the transmission lines. This disturbance propagation is most readily seen by observing the bus frequencies.…”