Emergence of<i>Prochlorococcus</i>in the Tonian oceans and the initiation of Neoproterozoic oxygenation

Zhang, Hao; Wang, Sishuo; Liao, Tianhua; Crowe, Sean A.; Luo, Haiwei

doi:10.1101/2023.09.06.556545

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 81 publications

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“…Recent molecular dating analyses employed eukaryotic fossils to calibrate bacterial evolution (Liao et al 2022; Wang and Luo 2023; Zhang et al 2023; Wang and Luo 2021). The inclusion of eukaryotic fossils into bacterial dating is justified by the presence of genes observed to have been shared during ancient endosymbiosis events, notably those involving mitochondria and plastids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating ammonia-oxidizing bacteria with abundant eukaryotic fossils

Liao,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Evolution of a complete nitrogen cycle relies on the onset of ammonia oxidation, which aerobically converts ammonia to nitrogen oxides. However, accurate estimation of the antiquity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) remains challenging because AOB-specific fossils are absent and bacterial fossils amenable to calibrate bacterial molecular clocks are rare. Leveraging the ancient endosymbiosis of mitochondria and plastid, as well as using state-of-the-art techniques such as the Bayesian sequential dating approach, we obtained a robust timeline of AOB evolution calibrated by fossil-rich eukaryotic lineages. We show that the first AOB evolved in marine Gammaproteobacteria (Gamma-AOB) and emerged between 2.1 and 1.9 billion years ago (Ga), thus postdating the Great Oxidation Event (GOE; 2.4-2.32 Ga). To reconcile the sedimentary nitrogen isotopic signatures of ammonia oxidation occurring near the GOE, we propose that ammonia oxidation likely occurred at the common ancestor of Gamma-AOB and Gammaproteobacterial methanotrophs, or the actinobacterial/verrucomicrobial methanotrophs, which are known to have ammonia oxidation activities. We also do not rule out another possibility that nitrite was transported from the terrestrial habitats where ammonia oxidation by archaea likely took place. Further, we show that the Gamma-AOB predates the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing (anammox) bacteria which also emerged in marine environments, implying that the origin of ammonia oxidation constrained the origin of anammox as nitrite produced by the former fuels the latter. Our robustly calibrated molecular clocks support a new hypothesis that nitrogen redox cycle involving nitrogen oxides evolved rather late in the ocean.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating ammonia-oxidizing bacteria with abundant eukaryotic fossils

Liao,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Diversity and evolution of Radiolaria: Beyond the stars of the ocean

Sandin,

Renaudie,

Suzuki

et al. 2024

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Since Ernst Haeckel and the Challenger expedition (1872-1876), Radiolaria have been known as ubiquitous and abundant star-shaped oceanic plankton. Their exquisite biomineralized skeletons have left an extensive fossil record which is extremely valuable for biostratigraphic and paleo-environmental research. In contemporary oceans, there is growing evidence that Radiolaria are significant contributors to marine food webs and global biogeochemical cycles. Here we provide a comprehensive morpho-molecular framework to assess the extant diversity, biogeography and evolutionary history of Radiolaria. Our analyses reveal that half of radiolarian diversity is morphologically undescribed, with a large part forming three hyper-diverse environmental clades, named Rad-A, Rad-B and Rad-C. We suggest that most of this undescribed diversity likely comprises skeleton-less life forms or endosymbionts, explaining their elusive nature. Phylogenetic analyses highlight the need for major revision of high-level Radiolaria taxonomy, including placement of the Collodaria within the order Nassellaria. Fossil calibration of a molecular clock revealed the first appearance of Radiolaria ~760 million years ago (Ma), the development of the skeleton in the early Paleozoic (~500 Ma) and the onset of photosymbiotic relationships during the mid to late Mesozoic (~140 Ma), related to geological periods of oligotrophy and anoxia. The results presented here provide an extensive and robust framework for developing new perspectives on early eukaryotic diversification, paleo-environmental impacts on plankton evolution, and marine microbial ecology in rapidly evolving ecosystems.

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Emergence ofProchlorococcusin the Tonian oceans and the initiation of Neoproterozoic oxygenation

Cited by 2 publications

References 81 publications

Dating ammonia-oxidizing bacteria with abundant eukaryotic fossils

Dating ammonia-oxidizing bacteria with abundant eukaryotic fossils

Diversity and evolution of Radiolaria: Beyond the stars of the ocean

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