Emergence of<i>Rickettsia africae</i>, Oceania

Eldin, Carole; Mediannikov, Oleg; Davoust, Bernard; Cabre, Olivier; Barré, Nicolas; Raoult, Didier; Parola, Philippe

doi:10.3201/eid1701.101081

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…17 A recent study has unexpectedly detected R. africae in Amblyomma loculosum ticks collected from humans and birds in New Caledonia. 18 The specificity of Amblyomma spp. ticks association with R. africae has been further brought into question by the detection of R. africae in Rh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rickettsia africae and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in Ticks in Israel

Waner¹,

Keysary²,

Eremeeva³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. DNA of several spotted fever group rickettsiae was found in ticks in Israel. The findings include evidence for the existence of Rickettsia africae and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in ticks in Israel. The DNA of R. africae was detected in a Hyalomma detritum tick from a wild boar and DNA of C. Rickettsia barbariae was detected in Rhipicephalus turanicus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus collected from vegetation. The DNA of Rickettsia massiliae was found in Rh. sanguineus and Haemaphysalis erinacei, whereas DNA of Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae was detected in a Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus. Clinicians should be aware that diseases caused by a variety of rickettsiae previously thought to be present only in other countries outside of the Middle East may infect residents of Israel who have not necessarily traveled overseas. Furthermore, this study reveals again that the epidemiology of the spotted fever group rickettsiae may not only involve Rickettsia conorii but may include other rickettsiae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rickettsia africae and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in Ticks in Israel

Waner¹,

Keysary²,

Eremeeva³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Cases of R. africae in Australia and the oceanic region are commonly reported in travelers returning from sub-Saharan Africa (458). However, a recent report of R. africae in Amblyomma loculosum ticks in New Caledonia provides evidence that the geographic endemicity of this organism goes well beyond its traditional location in continental Africa (459). A. loculosum is endemic to the islands in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific and has been found on various vertebrates, including marine birds, local mammals, and reptiles (452).…”

Section: Species Identified As Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: a Geographic Approach

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY Tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus Rickettsia . These zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. However, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. Several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that were considered nonpathogenic for decades are now associated with human infections, and novel Rickettsia species of undetermined pathogenicity continue to be detected in or isolated from ticks around the world. This remarkable expansion of information has been driven largely by the use of molecular techniques that have facilitated the identification of novel and previously recognized rickettsiae in ticks. New approaches, such as swabbing of eschars to obtain material to be tested by PCR, have emerged in recent years and have played a role in describing emerging tick-borne rickettsioses. Here, we present the current knowledge on tick-borne rickettsiae and rickettsioses using a geographic approach toward the epidemiology of these diseases.

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“…16 Its epidemiology is associated with the presence of R. africae in Amblyomma variegatum (Eastern, Western, and Central Africa and the Caribbean Islands) and Amblyomma hebraeum (Southern Africa) as its recognized vectors. 15 However, R. africae has also been detected in other tick species, such as Amblyomma lepidum and Hyalomma dromedarii in northwest Africa, 93,101,102 Amblyomma loculosum in New Caledonia, 103 Rhipicephalus decoloratus in the Republic of Botswana, 104 and Hyalomma aegyptium in Turkey. 105 It is currently recognized as the most common rickettsiosis in European and American travelers returning from endemic areas of Africa and the Caribbean Islands.…”

Section: Rickettsia Africae Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syndromic classification of rickettsioses: an approach for clinical practice

Faccini-Martínez

García‐Álvarez

Hidalgo

et al. 2014

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Rickettsioses share common clinical manifestations, such as fever, malaise, exanthema, the presence or absence of an inoculation eschar, and lymphadenopathy. Some of these manifestations can be suggestive of certain species of Rickettsia infection. Nevertheless none of these manifestations are pathognomonic, and direct diagnostic methods to confirm the involved species are always required. A syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms that characterizes a disease with many etiologies or causes. This situation is applicable to rickettsioses, where different species can cause similar clinical presentations. We propose a syndromic classification for these diseases: exanthematic rickettsiosis syndrome with a low probability of inoculation eschar and rickettsiosis syndrome with a probability of inoculation eschar and their variants. In doing so, we take into account the clinical manifestations, the geographic origin, and the possible vector involved, in order to provide a guide for physicians of the most probable etiological agent.

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Emergence ofRickettsia africae, Oceania

Cited by 27 publications

References 14 publications

Rickettsia africae and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in Ticks in Israel

Rickettsia africae and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in Ticks in Israel

Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: a Geographic Approach

Syndromic classification of rickettsioses: an approach for clinical practice

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