Emergence of multidrug resistance in locally-acquired human infections with Salmonella Typhimurium in Australia owing to a new clade harbouring bla CTX-M-9

Sparham, Sarah; Kwong, Jason C; Valcanis, Mary; Easton, Marion; Trott, Darren J.; Seemann, Torsten; Stinear, Timothy P.; Howden, Benjamin P

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.02.014

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…coli and Salmonella isolated from pigs, cattle and sheep [11, 12]. Additionally, a new clade of ESC-resistant Salmonella serovar Typhimurium has recently been identified in a cluster of sporadic clinical cases of salmonellosis in both humans and dairy cattle in the state of Victoria [13]. The comparatively low levels of CIA resistance in Australian food-producing animals are attributed to Australia’s geographic isolation, strong regulatory constraints on the use of CIAs, such as ESCs, fluoroquinolones and colistin, and strict quarantine on the importation of live animals and fresh meat products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from Australian meat chickens remain susceptible to critically important antimicrobial agents

et al. 2019

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The World Health Organisation has defined “highest priority critically important antimicrobials” (CIAs) as those requiring the greatest control during food production. Evidence demonstrating that restricted antimicrobial usage prevents the emergence of resistance to CIA’s amongst pathogenic and commensal organisms on a production system-wide scale would strengthen international efforts to control antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Therefore, in a designed survey of all major chicken-meat producers in Australia, we investigated the phenotypic AMR of E. coli (n = 206) and Salmonella (n = 53) from caecal samples of chickens at slaughter (n = 200). A large proportion of E. coli isolates (63.1%) were susceptible to all tested antimicrobials. With regards to CIA resistance, only two E.coli isolates demonstrated resistance to fluoroquinolones, attributed to mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA. Antimicrobial resistance was observed for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (8.7%), streptomycin (9.7%), ampicillin (14.1%), tetracycline (19.4%) and cefoxitin (0.5%). All Salmonella isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, colistin, florfenicol, gentamicin and tetracycline. A low frequency of Salmonella isolates exhibited resistance to streptomycin (1.9%), ampicillin (3.8%), and cefoxitin (11.3%). AMR was only observed among Salmonella Sofia serovars. None of the Salmonella isolates exhibited a multi-class-resistant phenotype. Whole genome sequencing did not identify any known resistance mechanisms for the Salmonella isolates demonstrating resistance to cefoxitin. The results provide strong evidence that resistance to highest priority CIA’s is absent in commensal E. coli and Salmonella isolated from Australian meat chickens, and demonstrates low levels of resistance to compounds with less critical ratings such as cefoxitin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. Apart from regulated exclusion of CIAs from most aspects of livestock production, vaccination against key bacterial pathogens and stringent biosecurity are likely to have contributed to the favorable AMR status of the Australian chicken meat industry. Nevertheless, industry and government need to proactively monitor AMR and antimicrobial stewardship practices to ensure the long-term protection of both animal and human health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from Australian meat chickens remain susceptible to critically important antimicrobial agents

et al. 2019

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“…In contrast, the results of this study demonstrate low proportions of Salmonella isolates expressing AMR and MDR are in agreement with studies reported for other Australian livestock 5 , 6 . Multiple antimicrobial resistances (mainly streptomycin and tetracycline) were reported in Salmonella isolated from Australian dairy cattle 36 and more recently, resistance to ceftiofur has also been detected 37 . Similarly, 0.6–1.2% of clinical Salmonella isolates from pigs showed resistance to trimethoprim, gentamicin and tetracycline 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella enterica isolates from Western Australian rangeland goats remain susceptible to critically important antimicrobials

Al-Habsi

Jordan

Harb

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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This study investigated faecal carriage and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Salmonella enterica recovered from rangeland goats. Faecal samples (n = 400) were collected at slaughter from four consignments of goats (n = 100 samples per consignment), each from one of four localities in Western Australia. Carriage of Salmonella spp. was detected in 106 samples (26.5%; 95% CI 22.4–31.0%). The rate of faecal carriage for each consignment ranged between 23–30%. PCR assays targeting the STM2755 and STM4497 genes revealed 84.9% (90/106) of the isolates were of serovar Typhimurium. Salmonella Chester (11/106, 10.4%) and S. Saintpaul (5/106, 4.7%) were characterised at invA and ompF genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated that 84.0% of isolates were susceptible to all tested (n = 13) antimicrobials. Resistance was identified to azithromycin (14.2%), tetracycline (10.4%), ampicillin (5.7%), amoxicillin–clavulanate and cefoxitin (3.8%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1.9%), gentamicin and streptomycin (0.9%). No isolate was resistant to four or more antimicrobials, or to critically important antimicrobials such as fluoroquinolones and extended spectrum cephalosporins. This is the first study reporting AMR in Salmonella isolates from Australian rangeland goats. The rate of detection of AMR was very low, some resistance to low-importance drugs was present in the Salmonella population, despite the absence of active selection pressure.

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“…Australia presented a description of CTX-M-9 and CTX-M-14 in E-ESBL in cattle. The description was carried out in clinical isolated and in E. coli and in S. enterica (Abraham et al, 2015;Sparham et al, 2017). Both variants, CTX-M-9 and CTX-M-14, have already been described in human clinical isolates in Australia (Zong et al, 2008).…”

Section: Oceaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in cattle production – a threat around the world

Palmeira

Ferreira

2020

Heliyon

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Food producing animal is a global challenge in terms of antimicrobial resistance spread. Extended-spectrum betalactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are relevant opportunistic pathogens that may spread in many ecological niches of the One Health approach as human, animal and environment due to intestinal selection of antimicrobial resistant commensals in food production animals. Cattle production is a relevant ecological niche for selection of commensal bacteria with antimicrobial resistance from microbiota. Enterobacteriaceae show importance in terms of circulation of resistant-bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes via food chain creating a resistance reservoir, setting up a threat for colonization of humans and consequent health risk. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae are a threat in terms of human health responsible for life threatening outbreaks and silent enteric colonization of community populations namely the elder population. Food associated colonization is a risk difficult to handle and control. In a time of globalization of food trading, population intestinal colonization is a mirror of food production and in that sense this work aims to make a picture of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in animal production for food over the world in order to make some light in this reality of selection of resistant threats in food producing animal.

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Emergence of multidrug resistance in locally-acquired human infections with Salmonella Typhimurium in Australia owing to a new clade harbouring bla CTX-M-9

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from Australian meat chickens remain susceptible to critically important antimicrobial agents

Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from Australian meat chickens remain susceptible to critically important antimicrobial agents

Salmonella enterica isolates from Western Australian rangeland goats remain susceptible to critically important antimicrobials

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in cattle production – a threat around the world

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