Emergence of rifampin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae

Nicolle, Lindsay E.; Postl, B; Kotelewetz, E.; Albritton, W.; Harding, G. K. M.; Bourgault, Anne–Marie; Ronald, Allan R.

doi:10.1128/aac.21.3.498

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In a previous study of chemoprophylaxis for meningococcal meningitis in an isolated northern Inuit community the authors documented the rapid emergence and persistence of rifampinrcsistant I l aemoph ilus injluenzae following community-wide rifampin use (12). In this study a high prevalence of erythromycin-resistant group G streptococci with increasing prevalence of the strain throughout the study year was observed in one closed population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Erythromycin‐Resistant Group G Streptococci in an Isolated Northern Canadian Community

Nicolle

Postl

Urias

et al. 1990

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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The susceptibility of groups A, C, and G streptococci isolated from pharynx or skin in two northern Canadian native communities during a one year study of the epidemiology of streptococcal infection was determined for penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin using an agar dilution method. Organisms studied included 725 group A, 82 group C, and 184 group G streptococci. All organisms were susceptible to penicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] range less than 0.004 to 0.015 μg/mL; MIC(90) 0.015 μg/mL) and clindamycin (range 0.007 to 0.06 μg/mL; MIC(90) 0.06 μg/mL) with no differences observed between streptococcal groups. For erythromycin, groups A and C were generally susceptible (range less than 0.007 to 0.030 μg/mL; MIC(90) 0.03 μg/mL; and range 0.007 to 1.0 μg/mL; MIC(90) 0.06 μg/mL, respectively). Group G was less susceptible (range 0.007 to greater than 2.0 μg/mL; MIC(90) greater than 2.0 μg/mL) with 38% of all isolates having an MIC greater than or equal to 1 μg/mL. On review of group G isolates, 100 of 100 from one community were susceptible (MIC less than 0.007 to 0.03 μg/mL) and 73 (87%) of 84 from the second community were resistant. All resistant strains tested were type T16. These data suggest that erythromycin-resistant group G streptococci may occur with high prevalence in certain populations and that patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility in isolated communities may be highly community-specific.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Erythromycin‐Resistant Group G Streptococci in an Isolated Northern Canadian Community

Nicolle

Postl

Urias

et al. 1990

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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“…A hazard of chemoprophylaxis is the emergence of resistant organisms, as has been shown for meningococci (3). Two reports have documented the emergence of rifampin-resistant (Rifr) H. influenzae in children who received rifampin prophylactically (8,9). We had noted a significant number of Rifr mutants in conjugation experiments, which prompted us to examine 22 Rif' strains, selected on the bases of capsulation status, biotype, and concomitant antibiotic resistance, for their apparent frequency of spontaneous mutation to this resistant phenotype.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation frequency of Haemophilus influenzae to rifampin resistance

Mendelman¹,

Roberts²,

Smith³

1982

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Twenty-two susceptible strains of Haemophilus influenzae were examined for mutation to rifampin resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration, :10 ,ug/ml). All strains had detectable apparent mutation frequencies with a median minimal inhibitory concentration 2,000-fold greater than that of their wild-type parents. Of the type b strain mutants, 80%o (8 of 10) expressed high-level resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration, 750 ,ug/ml) that was 75-fold greater than readily achievable serum concentrations.Rifampin administration has been advocated to eliminate nasopharyngeal carriage of Haemophilus influenzae type b and to prevent secondary cases in susceptible contacts (4). A hazard of chemoprophylaxis is the emergence of resistant organisms, as has been shown for meningococci (3). Two reports have documented the emergence of rifampin-resistant (Rifr) H. influenzae in children who received rifampin prophylactically (8, 9). We had noted a significant number of Rifr mutants in conjugation experiments, which prompted us to examine 22 Rif' strains, selected on the bases of capsulation status, biotype, and concomitant antibiotic resistance, for their apparent frequency of spontaneous mutation to this resistant phenotype. Rifr mutants were tested for their susceptibility to the drug and examined for the stability of the resistance.

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Haemophilus

Slack

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Emergence of rifampin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Erythromycin‐Resistant Group G Streptococci in an Isolated Northern Canadian Community

Erythromycin‐Resistant Group G Streptococci in an Isolated Northern Canadian Community

Mutation frequency of Haemophilus influenzae to rifampin resistance

Haemophilus

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