Emergence of Rifampin-Resistant
            <i>Rhodococcus equi</i>
            with Several Types of Mutations in the
            <i>rpoB</i>
            Gene among AIDS Patients in Northern Thailand

Asoh, Norichika; Watanabe, Hiroshi; Fines-Guyon, Marguerite; Watanabe, Kiwao; Oishi, Kazunori; Kositsakulchai, Weerayut; Sanchai, Tippaya; Kunsuikmengrai, Khemrassamee; Kahintapong, Sumpun; Khantawa, Banyong; Tharavichitkul, Prasit; Sirisanthana, Thira; Nagatake, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.1128/jcm.41.6.2337-2340.2003

Cited by 58 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The MICs for R. corynebacterioides observed in this case were almost identical to those reported for Rhodococcus species (1,2,10). In this patient, cefepime, which seemed susceptible in the susceptibility testing, was administered; however, this treatment was unsuccessful.…”

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confidence: 55%

First Report of Sepsis Caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

et al. 2012

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We report a case of sepsis caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides, identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, in a myelodysplastic syndrome patient who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This is the first report of R. corynebacterioides infection in a human. CASE REPORTA 64-year-old man was hospitalized because of a high fever. Three years earlier, he was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome and underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Since that time, he had been taking low-dose prednisolone to control chronic graft-versus-host disease. One year posttransplant, he experienced a cerebral hemorrhage, which caused left hemiplegia. Due to repeated aspiration pneumonia, a central venous catheter and port system were implanted in his chest wall to administer antibiotics and for nutritional support. The cause of the high fever at presentation was diagnosed as a bloodstream infection caused by Candida albicans. Removal of the catheter system and administration of micafungin resulted in the patient's recovery; the elevated serum ␤-D-glucan level returned to below the detectable limit.Two weeks later, the patient again developed a fever (39.7°C). His white blood cell count was 2.1 ϫ 10 9 cells/liter, and his C-reactive protein (CRP) level was 159 mg/liter. Blood cultures were collected, and empirical treatment with cefepime (1 g twice daily) was initiated. After 3 days of incubation, Gram-positive rods were detected in the blood cultures, which were unidentifiable by routine microbiological examinations. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in his sputum, but this bacterium was not thought to be the causative agent of his sepsis, because he showed no findings suggestive of pneumonia and because the bacterium had been repeatedly detected before. Following the initiation of antibiotic treatment with cefepime, the patient became afebrile, his CRP level decreased to 47 mg/liter, and repeated blood cultures were negative. However, 18 days later, the high fever (39.2°C) recurred, and CRP level was again elevated to 106 mg/ liter. Blood cultures again showed Gram-positive rods. Treatment was changed to cefozopran (2 g twice daily). However, his condition deteriorated, and he died 9 days later.Microbiological data. The blood cultures were positive for Gram-positive rods in aerobic bottles of the Bactec 9240 system (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ) twice, as described above, after 52 h and 88 h of incubation, respectively. Gram staining of the specimens revealed long and slightly bent Gram-positive rods in pairs, V forms, and palisade arrangements (Fig. 1A). The specimens from the bottles were plated onto Trypticase soy agar II with 5% sheep blood (BD) and incubated at 35°C in air supplemented with 5% CO 2 . After 72 h, odorless, orange-colored, smooth, and nonhemolytic colonies, 4 mm in diameter, were observed (Fig. 1B). The colonies were positive for the catalase test and negative for the oxidase test. The RapID CB Plus system (Remel Inc., Lenexa) was used for identification. The isolates wer...

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confidence: 55%

First Report of Sepsis Caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

et al. 2012

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“…Nordmann, estudió la susceptibilidad de R. equi a antimicrobianos en ratas demostrando que vancomicina, imipenem y rifampicina eran las más efectivas, y que las combinaciones de antimicrobianos más activas incluían vancomicina 28 . Existen algunos reportes de resistencia a rifampicina 29 , imipenem 30 , y vancomicina 31 , por lo que es recomendable realizar estudio de susceptibilidad in vitro, a pesar de que no están estandarizados 2 . La duración del tratamiento antimicrobiano depende del sitio y extensión de la infección y del estado inmunológico del paciente.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Neumonía cavitada por Rhodococcus equi en paciente inmunocomprometido no infectado por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana: Caso clínico y revisión

et al. 2005

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Rev Chil Infect 2005; 22 (2): 155-160 CASO CLÍNICONeumonía cavitada por Rhodococcus equi en paciente inmunocomprometido no infectado por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Caso clínico y revisión RICARDO RABAGLIATI B., ARTURO MORALES S., RENÉ BAUDRAND B., JORGE JORQUERA A., DAVID ODDÓ B., PATRICIA GARCÍA C., M. CECILIA CARMONA P., MARCELA CISTERNAS M. y ÁLVARO HUETE G. Necrotizing pneumonia due to Rhodococcus equi in non HIV immunocompromised host. Case report and reviewRhodococcus equi, is a grampositive intracellular bacillus, that causes infection mainly in immunocompromised hosts. We report the case of a 52 years old woman, with a systemic lupus erythematosus and a progressive 10 months evolution with cough, dyspnea, mucous-purulent sputum, occasionally hemoptysis, intermittent fever, and weight loss of 10%. With partial response to antibiotic treatment, radiological evolution of thoracic scanners evidenced the development of multiple bilateral areas of consolidation, some of them nodular. Percutaneous thoracic biopsy showed characteristic histology and microbiological analysis yielded the identification of Rhodococcus equi in both bronchoalveolar lavage and pulmonary biopsy. She received prolonged bi-associated antibiotic treatment with good clinical and radiological response. This agent must be considered in the study of immunocompromised patients that present with a prolonged evolution of pneumonia.

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“…Mutations in rpoB gene leading to rifampicin resistance have been reported (Asoh et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2014). Rifampicin resistance has also been reported by other authors (Burton et al, 2013;Goldstein, 2014).…”

Section: Treatment In Human Beingsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Current Understanding of Rhodococcus Equi infection and its Zoonotic Implications

Khurana¹

2015

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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Emergence of Rifampin-Resistant Rhodococcus equi with Several Types of Mutations in the rpoB Gene among AIDS Patients in Northern Thailand

Cited by 58 publications

References 16 publications

First Report of Sepsis Caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

First Report of Sepsis Caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Neumonía cavitada por Rhodococcus equi en paciente inmunocomprometido no infectado por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana: Caso clínico y revisión

Current Understanding of Rhodococcus Equi infection and its Zoonotic Implications

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