Emergence of the midge chironomus tentans when exposed to heavy metal contaminated sediment

Wentsel, Randy; McIntosh, Alan W.; McCafferty, W. P.

doi:10.1007/bf00014573

Cited by 73 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Stage specific toxicity observed in these experiments are consistent with reports in the mosquito (Aedes aegypti) (Rayms-Keller et al, 1998) (Aedes albopictus) (Bellini et al, 1988), fruit fly (Drosophila melonogaster) (Lynch et al, 1991), housefly (Musca domestica) (Raina et al, 2001), and chironomids ( Timmermans et al, 1992 andWentsel et al, 1978). The stage-specific effects in these blowfly experiments are in general agreement with the previously reported studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Hormesis and stage specific toxicity induced by cadmium in an insect model, the queen blowfly, Phormia regina Meig.

Nascarella

Stoffolano

Stanek

et al. 2003

Environmental Pollution

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Hormesis is an adaptive response, commonly characterized by a biphasic doseresponse that can be either directly induced, or the result of compensatory biological processes following an initial disruption in homeostasis [Calabrese and Baldwin, Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 21 (2002), 91]. Low and environmentally relevant levels of dietary cadmium significantly enhanced the pupation rate of blowfly larvae, while higher doses inhibited pupation success. However, dietary cadmium at all exposure levels adversely affected the emergence of the adult fly from the pupal case. Such findings represent the first report of a heavy metal displaying a hormetic-like biphasic response for pupation success, while at the same time displaying stage-specific toxicity at a later developmental period. These conclusions are based on substantial experimentation of over 1750 blowflies, in seven replicate experiments, involving 10 concentrations per experiment. These findings indicate the need to assess the impact of environmental stressors over a broad range of potential exposures as well as throughout the entire life cycle. AbstractThis is the first report of a heavy metal displaying a hormetic-like biphasic response for early developmental success, while at the same time displaying stage-specific toxicity at a later developmental stage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Hormesis and stage specific toxicity induced by cadmium in an insect model, the queen blowfly, Phormia regina Meig.

Nascarella

Stoffolano

Stanek

et al. 2003

Environmental Pollution

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“…Chironomids were not found in the field in sediments that, when tested in the laboratory, resulted in length reductions of approximately 50 to 55% relative to growth in sediments from a clean site ; comparable reductions in wet weight were 82 to 94% . Emergence success of C. tentans from sediments from that same site was reduced more than three-fold (69%) and delayed for two days in a separate laboratory study (Wentsel et al ., 1978) . While this slight delay in time to emergence may be of questionable significance due to the extended emergence periods often observed in natural chironomid populations (Drake, 1982 ;Berg & Hellenthal, 1992), the 69% decrease in successful emergence could conceivably lead to local extinction of a population after several generations .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many laboratory studies of C. tentans survival and growth in sediments contaminated with heavy metals and/or organic compounds have demonstrated decreased survival and/or reduced growth of larvae (e .g ., Wentsel et al ., 1977b ;Cairns et al ., 1984 ;Adams et al ., 1985Adams et al ., , 1986Giesy et al ., 1988Giesy et al ., , 1990Nebeker et al ., 1984aNebeker et al ., , 1988Hoke et al ., 1990 ;West et al ., 1993) . Lower numbers of emerging adults have also been observed following exposure of larvae to sediments contaminated with heavy metals (Wentsel et al ., 1978) and to artificial substrates contaminated with DDE (Derr & Zabik, 1972) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Chironomus tentans larval growth retardation on adult emergence and ovipositing success: implications for interpreting freshwater sediment bioassays

et al. 1996

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A laboratory study was conducted with Chironomus tentans to assess the significance of growth retardation of thirdto fourth-instar larvae over a 10-d test period on long-term survival, adult emergence, and ovipositing success . Data were intended to provide interpretive guidance for the commonly used growth endpoint in 10-d sediment bioassays with C. tentans . Larval growth was controlled by using six feeding levels ranging from 0 .2 to 5 .9 mg dry weight Tetrafin ® fish food per day . Mean 10-d survival was >88% at all feeding levels, but larval growth decreased significantly (p<0 .05) with each decrease in feeding level . Cumulative successful emergence of adult C. tentans decreased significantly with decreasing larval growth . Mean times to emergence always increased with decreasing growth rates and effects were generally more pronounced for females than males . At the lowest 10-d mean growth where successful emergence occurred (0 .27 mg), the times to emergence doubled relative to the times observed at the highest 10-d mean growth (1 .03 mg) . Ten-day larval growth retardation was strongly correlated with reduction in adult emergence success (r2 = 0.96) . Growth retardations >64% resulted in 86-100% reductions in adult emergence . Growth retardation in the range of 35 to 50% equated with comparable percent reductions in adult emergence success . Although fewer females successfully emerged at 10-d growths of 0 .37 and 0 .74 mg relative to the highest 10-d growth (1 .03 mg), ovipositing success of these females did not appear to be adversely affected by either their slower growth rates or their lower mean dry weights (0 .62 and 0 .99 mg, respectively) . Growth of second generation larvae did not appear to be affected by maternal growth rate, but rather appeared to be solely correlated with their own feeding level .

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“…Assuming that the stress factor in the environment is caused by one or more metal contaminants, the deformities can be interpreted as sensitive signals of sublethal contaminant concentrations. It is well-known that heavy metals in aquatic sediments can induce a delay and a lowering of the emergence rate in benthic Chironomidae (Wentsel et al, 1978;Hatakeyama, 1988). In previous laboratory experiments (Janssens de Bisthoven & Ollevier, 1989) the period and rate of emergence in normal versus deformed Chironomus gr.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concentration of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc inChironomus gr.thummi larvae (Diptera, Chironomidae) with deformedversus normal menta

1992

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The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in Chironomus gr. thummi were determined for 4th instar larvae from the polluted Dyle River, tributary of the Scheldt River (Belgium). Comparison was made between larvae with deformed and normal menta. Deformed larvae showed higher overall metal concentrations than normal larvae. Especially Pb and Cu had higher concentrations in deformed larvae (16.22 mg kgdry weight and 39.66 respectively) than in normal larvae (12.80 mg kg-1 dry weight and 35.70 respectively). No significant differences were found in the concentrations of Cd and Zn (mean [Cd] = 0.81 mg kg-1 dry weight and mean [Zn] = 313.12 mg kg-1 dry weight). There was no difference between the two larval groups as far as total length, dry weight and developmental stage of the imaginal discs are concerned.

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Emergence of the midge chironomus tentans when exposed to heavy metal contaminated sediment

Cited by 73 publications

References 2 publications

Hormesis and stage specific toxicity induced by cadmium in an insect model, the queen blowfly, Phormia regina Meig.

Hormesis and stage specific toxicity induced by cadmium in an insect model, the queen blowfly, Phormia regina Meig.

Effects of Chironomus tentans larval growth retardation on adult emergence and ovipositing success: implications for interpreting freshwater sediment bioassays

The concentration of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc inChironomus gr.thummi larvae (Diptera, Chironomidae) with deformedversus normal menta

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