Emergence of Third-Stage Larvae of Angiostrongylus costaricensis Morera and Cespedes 1971 from Biomphalaria glabrata (Say)

Ubelaker, John E.; Bullick, Graham R.; Caruso, J.P.

doi:10.2307/3280689

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Since the notion that mollusks infected with A. cantonensis can shed larvae in their mucus trails was first suggested, other workers have found no or very few A. cantonensis larvae secreted from infected mollusks (3,7,8). Similar results have been obtained for excretion of other Angiostrongylus species (6,15,25,28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

PCR-Based Detection ofAngiostrongylus cantonensisin Tissue and Mucus Secretions from Molluscan Hosts

Qvarnström

Sullivan

Bishop

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a common cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. Recent outbreaks of this infection have shown that there is a need to determine the distribution of this nematode in the environment in order to control transmission. A. cantonensis is generally identified morphologically in the molluscan intermediate host by microscopic examination, which can be labor-intensive. The aim of this study was to develop a PCR-based method to detect A. cantonensis directly from molluscan tissue. A total of 34 Parmarion cf. martensi (Simroth) semislugs, 25 of which were naturally infected with A. cantonensis, were used to develop this assay. Tissue pieces (approximately 25 mg) were digested with pepsin-HCl to recover third-stage larvae for morphological identification or were used for DNA extraction. PCR primers were designed to amplify 1,134 bp from the Angiostrongylus 18S rRNA gene, and the amplicons produced were sequenced for identification at the species level. Both microscopy and the PCR-DNA sequencing analysis indicated that the same 25 semislugs were positive for A. cantonensis, showing that the two methods were equally sensitive and specific for this application. However, morphological detection requires access to living mollusks, whereas molecular analysis can also be performed with frozen tissue. The PCR-DNA sequencing method was further evaluated using tissue from Veronicella cubensis (Pfeiffer) slugs and mucus secretions from infected P. martensi. To our knowledge, this is the first use of a PCR-based method to confirm the presence of A. cantonensis in mollusks collected in the environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

PCR-Based Detection ofAngiostrongylus cantonensisin Tissue and Mucus Secretions from Molluscan Hosts

Qvarnström

Sullivan

Bishop

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The results of the present study show that, like other species of Angiostrongylus, third-stage larvae of A. vasorum have the ability to actively leave aquatic mollusks. The numbers of L3 released per snail under light stimulus (1-70), at 37°C (1-272) and at 23-25°C (0-3) were greater than those obtained for other species of the genus Angiostrongylus, when Biomphalaria glabrata was the intermediate host (Richards and Merritt 1967;Ubelaker et al 1980). The total number of recovered larvae obtained by adding the number of L3 released from infected snails using the different stimuli plus the number of L3 recovered using the Baermann apparatus was similar in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet, 1866) Kamensky, 1905: emergence of third-stage larvae from infected Biomphalaria glabrata snails

Barçante

Dias

et al. 2003

Parasitology Research

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Biomphalaria glabrata snails were experimentally infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum first-stage larvae and divided into four groups of 30 snails. To assess the shedding of third-stage larvae (L3), the snails were maintained under different stimuli: group 1 60 W light bulb for 24 h, group 2 37 degrees C water bath for 24 h, group 3 room temperature (23-25 degrees C) for 24 h, Group 4 room temperature (23-25 degrees C) for up to 15 days. After 24 h, a total of 512 A. vasorum L3, alive and active, were released by snails from group 1, while 2,446 L3 were released from group 2 and five L3 from group 3. After 15 days, snails from group 4 released a total of 44 L3. To evaluate the infectivity of A. vasorum L3, two mongrel dogs were successfully infected with L3 released by snails from groups 1 and 2, confirming that the infection of dogs with A. vasorum L3 was possible, independently of ingestion of the mollusk intermediate host. The results shown in these experiments suggest that angiostrongylosis could be directly transmitted to the definitive hosts, with implications for the parasite's life cycle.

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“…Excepting species infecting marine mammals or swine, the exposure route for most involve the ingestion of infective third-stage larvae (L3) contained in the tissues of a gastropod intermediate host or also in some species a paratenic host. (Barcante et al 2003, Boev 1975, Bonetti et al 1998, Giannelli et al 2015, Heyneman and Lim 1967, Jenkins et al 2006, Kralka and Samuel 1984, Kutz et al 2000, Monson and Post 1972, Ubelaker et al 1980. Recently gastropod L3 shedding has also been reported for a crenosomatid (Troglostrongylus brevior) (Giannelli et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Shedding of Metastrongyloid Third-Stage Larvae by Experimentally Infected Limax maximus

2017

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Felids and canids acquire infection of most metastrongyloids by the ingestion of infective third-stage larvae (L3) in the tissues of gastropod intermediate hosts (IMH) or paratenic hosts. Direct ingestion of L3 shed by gastropods may be an alternative route of exposure. The significance of this route in natural infections is unknown. Larval shedding after experimental infection of Limax maximus with 5 metastrongyloids was tested in this study. Original Article S42EndoparasitEs

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Emergence of Third-Stage Larvae of Angiostrongylus costaricensis Morera and Cespedes 1971 from Biomphalaria glabrata (Say)

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

PCR-Based Detection ofAngiostrongylus cantonensisin Tissue and Mucus Secretions from Molluscan Hosts

PCR-Based Detection ofAngiostrongylus cantonensisin Tissue and Mucus Secretions from Molluscan Hosts

Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet, 1866) Kamensky, 1905: emergence of third-stage larvae from infected Biomphalaria glabrata snails

Spontaneous Shedding of Metastrongyloid Third-Stage Larvae by Experimentally Infected Limax maximus

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