Emergence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus identified in the Tlemcen university hospital (North-West Algeria)

Rebiahi, Sid Ahmed; Abdelouahid, Djamel Eddine; Rahmoun, Mohammed Nadjib; Abdelali, S.; Azzaoui, Hafsa

doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2011.09.010

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Other African countries, including South Africa and Algeria, have also reported emergence of these strains. 30,31 Our study has several limitations. It was performed in a tertiary hospital, which serves as a national referral center.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

High Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Common Bacterial Isolates in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Rwanda

Ntirenganya¹,

Manzi²,

Muvunyi³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health threat in both developed and developing countries. Many developing countries, including Rwanda, lack adequate surveillance systems, and therefore, the prevalence of AMR is not well-known. We conducted a prospective observational study to assess the prevalence of AMR among common bacterial isolates from clinical specimens obtained from patients on the medical wards of Kigali University Teaching Hospital (KUTH). We evaluated the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of bacterial pathogens cultured from urine, blood, sputum, and wound swab specimens obtained over a 6-month period (July 1 to December 30, 2013). There were 154 positive cultures from specimens obtained from 141 unique patients over the study period. Urine, blood, wound swab, and sputum cultures comprised 55.2%, 25.3%, 16.2%, and 3.3% of the total specimens evaluated; 31.4% and 58.7% of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolates, respectively, were resistant to at least one of the third generation cephalosporins. Eight percent of E. coli isolates were resistant to imipenem; 82% and 6% of Staphylococcus aureus strains were oxacillin-and vancomycin-resistant respectively. Antimicrobial resistance rates are high in Rwanda and pose a serious therapeutic challenge to the management of common infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

High Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Common Bacterial Isolates in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Rwanda

Ntirenganya¹,

Manzi²,

Muvunyi³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Additionally, 3 more studies were retrieved from Google searches and 7 more studies were identified from hand-searching the bibliographic references of relevant studies. Finally, 32 studies were evaluated in this review [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same study the carriage of the PVL toxin was similar (36%) in both community and hospital acquired MRSA. The fourth study, which was conducted in 2007–2009, reported on MRSA isolated from pus in surgical patients in a single hospital [49]. The prevalence of MRSA was 75%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRSA in Africa: Filling the Global Map of Antimicrobial Resistance

et al. 2013

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We sought to assess the prevalence of methicillin-resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Africa. We included articles published in 2005 or later reporting for the prevalence of MRSA among S. aureus clinical isolates. Thirty-two studies were included. In Tunisia, the prevalence of MRSA increased from 16% to 41% between 2002–2007, while in Libya it was 31% in 2007. In South Africa, the prevalence decreased from 36% in 2006 to 24% during 2007–2011. In Botswana, the prevalence varied from 23–44% between 2000–2007. In Algeria and Egypt, the prevalence was 45% and 52% between 2003–2005, respectively. In Nigeria, the prevalence was greater in the northern than the southern part. In Ethiopia and the Ivory Coast, the prevalence was 55% and 39%, respectively. The prevalence of MRSA was lower than 50% in most of the African countries, although it appears to have risen since 2000 in many African countries, except for South Africa.

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“…Table 2 shows the susceptibility of contemporary bacteria to fosfomycin from the larger studies published from 2010 onwards (36,56,57,61,. Regarding Gram-positive bacteria, contemporary studies showed that fosfomycin is active against the majority of S. aureus strains (Ͼ90%), including MRSA, as well as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (36,56,61,72,75,82,83,87,88,90). However, one study reported that only 33.2% of MRSA strains were susceptible to fosfomycin (90).…”

Section: Susceptibility Reports (Gram-negative and Gram-positive Isolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fosfomycin

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYThe treatment of bacterial infections suffers from two major problems: spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens and lack of development of new antibiotics active against such MDR and XDR bacteria. As a result, physicians have turned to older antibiotics, such as polymyxins, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. Lately, due to development of resistance to these agents, fosfomycin has gained attention, as it has remained active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative MDR and XDR bacteria. New data of higher quality have become available, and several issues were clarified further. In this review, we summarize the available fosfomycin data regarding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, thein vitroactivity against susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, mechanisms of resistance and development of resistance during treatment, synergy and antagonism with other antibiotics, clinical effectiveness, and adverse events. Issues that need to be studied further are also discussed.

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Emergence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus identified in the Tlemcen university hospital (North-West Algeria)

Cited by 36 publications

References 48 publications

High Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Common Bacterial Isolates in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Rwanda

High Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Common Bacterial Isolates in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Rwanda

MRSA in Africa: Filling the Global Map of Antimicrobial Resistance

Fosfomycin

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