Emergence of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(VRSA) from a tertiary care hospital from northern part of India

Tiwari, Hare Krishna; Sen, Malay Ranjan

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-6-156

Cited by 268 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Mu50 is a MRSA isolate with reduced vancomycin susceptibility that was isolated in Japan in 1996. All isolates tested positive for mecA by PCR as previously described (13).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy of β-Lactams with Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Correlation of Disk Diffusion and Checkerboard Methods

Huang

Chen

et al. 2016

J Clin Microbiol

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Modified disk diffusion (MDD) and checkerboard tests were employed to assess the synergy of combinations of vancomycin and ␤-lactam antibiotics for 59 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Mu50 (ATCC 700699).Bacterial inocula equivalent to 0.5 and 2.0 McFarland standard were inoculated on agar plates containing 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/ml of vancomycin. Oxacillin-, cefazolin-, and cefoxitin-impregnated disks were applied to the surface, and the zones of inhibition were measured at 24 h. The CLSI-recommended checkerboard method was used as a reference to detect synergy. The MICs for vancomycin were determined using the Etest method, broth microdilution, and the Vitek 2 automated system. Synergy was observed with the checkerboard method in 51% to 60% of the isolates when vancomycin was combined with any ␤-lactam. The fractional inhibitory concentration indices were significantly lower in MRSA isolates with higher vancomycin MIC combinations (P < 0.05). The overall agreement between the MDD and checkerboard methods to detect synergy in MRSA isolates with bacterial inocula equivalent to McFarland standard 0.5 were 33.0% and 62.5% for oxacillin, 45.1% and 52.4% for cefazolin, and 43.1% and 52.4% for cefoxitin when combined with 0.5 and 2 g/ml of vancomycin, respectively. Based on our study, the simple MDD method is not recommended as a replacement for the checkerboard method to detect synergy. However, it may serve as an initial screening method for the detection of potential synergy when it is not feasible to perform other labor-intensive synergy tests.V ancomycin and other glycopeptide antibiotics are currently the standard treatment for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (1). The emergence of MRSA with reduced vancomycin susceptibility (SA-RVS) raises concerns about the reliability of vancomycin for the treatment of MRSA (2). Resistance during treatment with daptomycin has raised similar concerns about its effectiveness for life-threatening MRSA infections (3). Low serum levels and the bacteriostatic activity of tigecycline against MRSA limit its use for the treatment of MRSA bacteremia (4).The combination of vancomycin and ␤-lactam antibiotics offers a potential option for management of MRSA infections (5). This concept is based on several in vitro and animal studies that demonstrated a synergistic effect of vancomycin-␤-lactam combinations against MRSA (6-11).The current study was designed to determine the utility of a modified disk diffusion (MDD) test to assess synergy and antagonism for combinations of vancomycin and ␤-lactam antibiotics among clinical isolates of MRSA (8, 12). The CLSI checkerboard method was used as the reference for the determination of synergy. We determined the vancomycin MIC breakpoint where synergy is most commonly observed in MRSA isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial isolates. Fifty-nine unique clinical isolates of MRSA with vancomycin MICs of Ն0.5 g/ml were obtained from patients at the Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital in Taiwan ...

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“…Mu50 is a MRSA isolate with reduced vancomycin susceptibility that was isolated in Japan in 1996. All isolates tested positive for mecA by PCR as previously described (13).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy of β-Lactams with Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Correlation of Disk Diffusion and Checkerboard Methods

Huang

Chen

et al. 2016

J Clin Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Isolates were streaked on the slant in sample and bacteria tubes. All these four test tubes were kept in 37 曟 for [20][21][22] h. Reddish pink or red colour of test tube was regared as positive [16] .…”

Section: Urea Hydrolysis Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolates were inoculated on BHI screen agar according to Tiwari and Sen [21] . BHI agar screen plates with oxacillin at 6 毺 g/mL were prepared.…”

Section: Inoculation On Brain Heart Infusion (Bhi) Oxacilin Screen Agarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical characters and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates

Chakraborty

Mahapatra

Roy

2011

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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“…R ecently published guidelines have recommended the use of vancomycin in the management of severe MRSA infection [29] , but it was reported that the vancomycin resistant S. aureus was emerging in northern India [10] . So that the search of novel anti-MRSA molecules is needed globally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conclusions: Anti-MRSA molecule from Streptomyces sp PVRK-1 was isolated and biomedical studies in Zebrafish model assessed that the molecule was non toxic at the minimal inhibitory concentration of MRSA. Contents lists available at ScienceDirect well. It was reported that vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VRSA) were severely found in the northern India with severe infections [10] . Natural products are potential new chemical structures possessing antimicrobial activity and it was reported that three of every four antibacterial agents are related in some way to natural products [11] , and a majority of these discoveries have come from filamentous bacteria of the order Actinomycetales (actinomycetes).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a small molecule with anti–MRSA activity from a mangrove symbiont Streptomyces sp. PVRK–1 and its biomedical studies in Zebrafish embryos

Kannan

Iniyan²,

Prakash

2011

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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Emergence of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(VRSA) from a tertiary care hospital from northern part of India

Cited by 268 publications

References 28 publications

Synergy of β-Lactams with Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Correlation of Disk Diffusion and Checkerboard Methods

Synergy of β-Lactams with Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Correlation of Disk Diffusion and Checkerboard Methods

Biochemical characters and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates

Isolation of a small molecule with anti–MRSA activity from a mangrove symbiont Streptomyces sp. PVRK–1 and its biomedical studies in Zebrafish embryos

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